Part 1. TRUE or FALSE.Choose A if the statement is true. Choose D if the statement is false. 1. Based on a technical definition, acids are classified as nucleophiles. 2. A nucleophile is any atom or molecule which can attack positively or partially positively charged molecules or atoms. 3. Covalent bonds are directional due to repulsion of orbitals. 4. All compounds which contain carbon are classified as organic compounds. 5. The density of an organic compound is influenced by the type of chemical bond present in the compound. 6. Vitalism proposes that living organisms formed from non-living things. 7. Urea, which has been successfully synthesized in the laboratory, has the chemical formula CO2N2H4. 8. The possible mathematical values of p-orbital are: p, pz and p. 9. The ability of carbon atoms to link with each other is termed catenation. 10. Pi bonds are occupied by a maximum of two electrons. 11. Organic chemistry studies carbon atom in the context of atomic properties. 12. Electronegativity increases as the energy level of atoms increases. 13. All organic compounds are easily degraded by natural means or biodegradable. 14. Molecular polarity in influenced by electronegativity. 15. Isomers are molecules having same molecular formula but different molecular structure. 16. Sigma bonds have greater bond overlap than pi bonds. 17. The main intramolecular force of attraction in organic molecules is covalent bond. 18. The billiard ball model of an atom describes the presence of negatively charged particles. 19. Water, which has a partially negative oxygen atom, is an excellent electrophile. 20. Plastics are polymers of simple arganic compounds..
Introduction to Organic Chemistry
The field of chemistry which deals with the studies of reactions, structures, and properties of organic compounds that comprise carbon bonded through covalent bonding is organic chemistry. The studies regarding the structure of organic compounds could be determined with the help of structural formulas. In order to know about the behavior of organic compounds, a study on the properties has to be done. Both physical properties and chemical properties, the origin of chemical reactivity come under the study regarding the properties of organic compounds. The chemical preparation of polymers, drugs, natural products, and the study of separate organic molecules in the lab come under the study of organic reactions.
Vinyl Group
Vinyl group is the name given to the functional group of -CH=CH2. It can be seen as an ethene molecule with one less hydrogen in number. Hence it is also called as ethenyl group at times.
Straight Chain Hydrocarbons
The requirement to identify each compound needs a richer number of words than informative prefixes like n and iso. The identification of organic molecules is made easier by the use of systematic nomenclature schemes. The organic chemistry nomenclature has two types: traditional and systematic. Common names arise in many forms, but share the characteristic that a link through name and form is unnecessary. The name that matches a certain structure clearly must be remembered as knowing a person's name. In contrast, systemic names, including an overall common set of laws, are locked specifically to the chemical structure.
Unsaturated Hydrocarbon
Following are few examples of alkenes with their general molecular as well as their structural formulas:
Conjugated Compounds in Organic Chemistry
The delocalization of electrons in a molecule is called conjugation in organic chemistry. This delocalisation process of electrons leads to the shortenings or elongations of chemical bonds, but at the same time it causes changes in the chemical properties in conjugated molecules as compared to the non-conjugated ones. For example, conjugated molecules absorb light at longer wavelengths.
Alpha Carbon And Alpha Protons
The carbon directly attached to the functional group in an organic molecule is referred to as the alpha carbon and the hydrogen attached to an alpha carbon are termed as the alpha hydrogens or alpha protons. These alpha carbon atoms and alpha hydrogen atoms are of importance because they undergo certain characteristic reactions in organic chemistry.
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