Part 1. Thermistor sensitivity in a voltage divider Thermistors are temperature-sensitive resistors. In most thermistors, resistance decreases as temperature increases. They are good candidates for a bridge circuit, or at least a voltage divider. As an example, to build a -20° C freezer one might use an Ice Cube Sensor from Vishay. It is an NTC thermistor, meaning that it has a negative temperature coefficient: as temperature increases the resistance decreases. A thermistor's temperature coefficient varies according to temperature, but at any given temperature it is very reliable. The Ice Cube thermistor has a resistance of 96.4 k at -20° C, and for every Kelvin increase in temperature its resistance drops by 5.8%. Note that the function R(T) is non-linear, but we can linearize the function around -20° C by evaluating its first derivative at that temperature. 1a. Show that you could use a simple voltage divider to achieve an output of 2.0 V when the temperature is -20°. In practice, your supply voltage of +5 V would be applied across three components in series: the thermistor, a standard resistor, and a potentiometer of 10 k or less. The potentiometer is used because resistors have some manufacturing tolerance (error), and you can adjust the potentiometer to accommodate that error. Here, let's assume that you can buy the perfect resistor for your setup, and call it R2. Set up the circuit so the output voltage increases when the temperature increases. 1b. Determine the sensitivity of your circuit in volts/Kelvin.

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Part 1. Thermistor sensitivity in a voltage divider
Thermistors are temperature-sensitive resistors. In most thermistors, resistance decreases
as temperature increases. They are good candidates for a bridge circuit, or at least a
voltage divider. As an example, to build a -20° C freezer one might use an Ice Cube Sensor
from Vishay. It is an NTC thermistor, meaning that it has a negative temperature
coefficient: as temperature increases the resistance decreases. A thermistor's temperature
coefficient varies according to temperature, but at any given temperature it is very reliable.
The Ice Cube thermistor has a resistance of 96.4 k at -20° C, and for every Kelvin increase
in temperature its resistance drops by 5.8%. Note that the function R(T) is non-linear, but
we can linearize the function around -20° C by evaluating its first derivative at that
temperature.
1a. Show that you could use a simple voltage divider to achieve an output of 2.0 V when the
temperature is -20°. In practice, your supply voltage of +5 V would be applied across
three components in series: the thermistor, a standard resistor, and a potentiometer of
10 k or less. The potentiometer is used because resistors have some manufacturing
tolerance (error), and you can adjust the potentiometer to accommodate that error.
Here, let's assume that you can buy the perfect resistor for your setup, and call it R2.
Set up the circuit so the output voltage increases when the temperature increases.
1b. Determine the sensitivity of your circuit in volts/Kelvin.
Transcribed Image Text:Part 1. Thermistor sensitivity in a voltage divider Thermistors are temperature-sensitive resistors. In most thermistors, resistance decreases as temperature increases. They are good candidates for a bridge circuit, or at least a voltage divider. As an example, to build a -20° C freezer one might use an Ice Cube Sensor from Vishay. It is an NTC thermistor, meaning that it has a negative temperature coefficient: as temperature increases the resistance decreases. A thermistor's temperature coefficient varies according to temperature, but at any given temperature it is very reliable. The Ice Cube thermistor has a resistance of 96.4 k at -20° C, and for every Kelvin increase in temperature its resistance drops by 5.8%. Note that the function R(T) is non-linear, but we can linearize the function around -20° C by evaluating its first derivative at that temperature. 1a. Show that you could use a simple voltage divider to achieve an output of 2.0 V when the temperature is -20°. In practice, your supply voltage of +5 V would be applied across three components in series: the thermistor, a standard resistor, and a potentiometer of 10 k or less. The potentiometer is used because resistors have some manufacturing tolerance (error), and you can adjust the potentiometer to accommodate that error. Here, let's assume that you can buy the perfect resistor for your setup, and call it R2. Set up the circuit so the output voltage increases when the temperature increases. 1b. Determine the sensitivity of your circuit in volts/Kelvin.
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