Parks confer many external benefits on society: open space, trees that reduce pollution, and so on. Therefore, the market equilibrium quantity of parks is not equal to the socially optimal quantity. The following graph shows the demand for parks (their marginal private benefits), the supply of parks (the marginal private costs of producing them), and the marginal social benefits of parks, including both the marginal private benefits and external benefits. Use the black point (plus symbol) to indicate the market equilibrium quantity. Next, use the purple point (diamond symbol) to indicate the socially optimal quantity. Finally, use the grey polygon (star symbol) to indicate the area representing market failure. PRICE OF PARKS Demand (MPB) QUANTITY OF PARKS Supply (MPC, MSC) MSB Market Output Socially Optimal Output Market failure Which of the following policies could help the government achieve the efficient outcome? Check all that apply. Introduce emission taxes Offer a subsidy to consumers equal to the vertical distance between the marginal private benefits curve and the marginal social benefits curve Offer a subsidy equal to the price at the efficient outcome Offer a subsidy to producers equal to the vertical distance between the marginal private benefits curve and marginal social benefits curve Implement tradable pollution permits
Parks confer many external benefits on society: open space, trees that reduce pollution, and so on. Therefore, the market equilibrium quantity of parks is not equal to the socially optimal quantity. The following graph shows the demand for parks (their marginal private benefits), the supply of parks (the marginal private costs of producing them), and the marginal social benefits of parks, including both the marginal private benefits and external benefits. Use the black point (plus symbol) to indicate the market equilibrium quantity. Next, use the purple point (diamond symbol) to indicate the socially optimal quantity. Finally, use the grey polygon (star symbol) to indicate the area representing market failure. PRICE OF PARKS Demand (MPB) QUANTITY OF PARKS Supply (MPC, MSC) MSB Market Output Socially Optimal Output Market failure Which of the following policies could help the government achieve the efficient outcome? Check all that apply. Introduce emission taxes Offer a subsidy to consumers equal to the vertical distance between the marginal private benefits curve and the marginal social benefits curve Offer a subsidy equal to the price at the efficient outcome Offer a subsidy to producers equal to the vertical distance between the marginal private benefits curve and marginal social benefits curve Implement tradable pollution permits
Chapter1: Making Economics Decisions
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Transcribed Image Text:Parks confer many external benefits on society: open space, trees that reduce pollution, and so on.
Therefore, the market equilibrium quantity of parks is not equal to the socially optimal quantity.
The following graph shows the demand for parks (their marginal private benefits), the supply of
parks (the marginal private costs of producing them), and the marginal social benefits of parks,
including both the marginal private benefits and external benefits.
Use the black point (plus symbol) to indicate the market equilibrium quantity. Next, use the purple
point (diamond symbol) to indicate the socially optimal quantity. Finally, use the grey polygon
(star symbol) to indicate the area representing market failure.
PRICE OF PARKS
Demand
(MPB)
QUANTITY OF PARKS
Supply
(MPC, MSC)
MSB
Market Output
Socially Optimal Output
Market failure
Which of the following policies could help the government achieve the efficient outcome? Check all
that apply.
Introduce emission taxes
Offer a subsidy to consumers equal to the vertical distance between the marginal private
benefits curve and the marginal social benefits curve
Offer a subsidy equal to the price at the efficient outcome
Offer a subsidy to producers equal to the vertical distance between the marginal private
benefits curve and marginal social benefits curve
Implement tradable pollution permits
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