P5.17 An engineer determines that a 40 cm long rod of 1020 grade steel will be subjected to a tension of 20 kN. The following two design requirements must be met: the stress must remain below 145 MPa, and the rod must stretch less than 0.125 mm. Determine an appropriate value for the rod's diameter to meet these two requirements. Round up to the nearest millimeter when reporting your answer.

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A: As per policy only 3 questions can be answered so resubmit for complete solution.

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A: “Since you have posted a question with multiple sub parts, we will provide the solution only to the…

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A: net force acting on segment 1 : +80-40+25 kN = 65 kN

Combined Loading

Any functioning component, such as machine parts, structural members, pressure vessels, and so on, are all under the influence of more than one force. When anybody is under the influence of more than one force such as shear forces, bending moments, axial forces, torsion, and so on, then such body is said to be under combined loading. A very practical example of combined loading is the crankshaft of an internal combustion engine (IC engine). The crankshaft of the IC engine is under high rpm, which is caused due to the torsional forces. Due to the presence of piston, counterbalances, and internal imbalances, the crankshaft experiences lateral forces and due to the rise in temperature, the crankshaft undergoes thermal expansion, which pulls the crankshaft along the axial direction and lateral direction. The presence of unbalanced loads along the periphery of the crankshaft also induces a bending moment.