P2-64A. (Learning Objectives 2, 3: Understanding how accounting works; analyzing and recording transactions) During December, Smith Auction Co. completed the following transactions: Dec 1 5 9 Paid monthly rent, $1,200. Paid $7,200 cash and signed a $31,000 note payable to purchase land for an office site. Purchased supplies on account, $1,500. Paid $700 on account. Borrowed $21,000 from the bank for business use. Smith signed a note payable to the bank in the name of the business. Service revenue earned during the month included $13,000 cash and $7,000 on account. 31 Paid employees' salaries ($2,200), advertising expense 10 19 22 31 Smith received $25,000 cash and issued ordinary shares to the shareholders. 31 ($1,600), and utilities expense ($1,500). Declared and paid a cash dividend of $6,200. Smith's business uses the following accounts: Cash, Accounts Receivable, Supplies, Land, Accounts Payable, Notes Payable, Share Capital, Dividends, Service Revenue, Salary Expense, Advertising Expense, and Utilities Expense. Requirements 1. Journalize each transaction of Smith Auction Co. Explanations are not required. 2. Post to these T-accounts: Cash, Accounts Payable, and Notes Payable. 3. After these transactions, how much cash does the business have? How much in total liabilities does it owe?
Reporting Cash Flows
Reporting of cash flows means a statement of cash flow which is a financial statement. A cash flow statement is prepared by gathering all the data regarding inflows and outflows of a company. The cash flow statement includes cash inflows and outflows from various activities such as operating, financing, and investment. Reporting this statement is important because it is the main financial statement of the company.
Balance Sheet
A balance sheet is an integral part of the set of financial statements of an organization that reports the assets, liabilities, equity (shareholding) capital, other short and long-term debts, along with other related items. A balance sheet is one of the most critical measures of the financial performance and position of the company, and as the name suggests, the statement must balance the assets against the liabilities and equity. The assets are what the company owns, and the liabilities represent what the company owes. Equity represents the amount invested in the business, either by the promoters of the company or by external shareholders. The total assets must match total liabilities plus equity.
Financial Statements
Financial statements are written records of an organization which provide a true and real picture of business activities. It shows the financial position and the operating performance of the company. It is prepared at the end of every financial cycle. It includes three main components that are balance sheet, income statement and cash flow statement.
Owner's Capital
Before we begin to understand what Owner’s capital is and what Equity financing is to an organization, it is important to understand some basic accounting terminologies. A double-entry bookkeeping system Normal account balances are those which are expected to have either a debit balance or a credit balance, depending on the nature of the account. An asset account will have a debit balance as normal balance because an asset is a debit account. Similarly, a liability account will have the normal balance as a credit balance because it is amount owed, representing a credit account. Equity is also said to have a credit balance as its normal balance. However, sometimes the normal balances may be reversed, often due to incorrect journal or posting entries or other accounting/ clerical errors.
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