**Understanding Ozone as a Disinfectant in Water Treatment**Ozone is occasionally employed as a disinfectant in the purification of drinking water. Its role involves reacting with various benign species within the water, along with targeting the pathogens it is meant to eliminate. Research reveals that the reaction of ozone in water approximately follows first-order kinetics regarding ozone concentration; this is observed as its concentration reduces by 50% over a span of 18 minutes.In a practical scenario, a water supplier seeks to inject ozone into a pipeline delivering water to a treatment facility. This process aims to pre-disinfect the water before it reaches the treatment plant. The pipeline under consideration measures 2.0 feet in diameter and extends 3,000 feet, operating under a consistent flow rate of 12,000 gallons per minute. The challenge is determining the concentration of ozone that must be introduced at the pipeline’s head, ensuring that an ozone concentration of 1.2 mg/L is present when the water exits into the treatment plant.

Given:- The concentration decreases by 50% in 18 minutes The diameter of the pipe = 2 ft The length…

Ozone is sometimes used as a disinfectant for drinking water. Ozone will react with many benign species in the water as well as the pathogens it is intended to kill. It is found that ozone reaction in water nearly follows first- order kinetics in ozone concentration, such that its concentration decreases by 50% in 18 minutes. A water supplier wants to inject ozone into a pipe bringing water to the water treatment plant to pre-disinfect the influent. The 2.0 ft diameter pipe is 3,000 feet long with a steady flow rate of 12,000 gal/min. What concentration of ozone should be injected at the head of the pipe so that there will be an ozone concentration of 1.2 mg/L at the pipe's exit into the plant.

Ozone is sometimes used as a disinfectant for drinking water. Ozone will react with many benign species in the water as well as the pathogens it is intended to kill. It is found that ozone reaction in water nearly follows first- order kinetics in ozone concentration, such that its concentration decreases by 50% in 18 minutes. A water supplier wants to inject ozone into a pipe bringing water to the water treatment plant to pre-disinfect the influent. The 2.0 ft diameter pipe is 3,000 feet long with a steady flow rate of 12,000 gal/min. What concentration of ozone should be injected at the head of the pipe so that there will be an ozone concentration of 1.2 mg/L at the pipe's exit into the plant.

Structural Analysis

6th Edition

ISBN:9781337630931

Author:KASSIMALI, Aslam.

Publisher:KASSIMALI, Aslam.

Chapter2: Loads On Structures

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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Question

**Understanding Ozone as a Disinfectant in Water Treatment**

Ozone is occasionally employed as a disinfectant in the purification of drinking water. Its role involves reacting with various benign species within the water, along with targeting the pathogens it is meant to eliminate. Research reveals that the reaction of ozone in water approximately follows first-order kinetics regarding ozone concentration; this is observed as its concentration reduces by 50% over a span of 18 minutes.

In a practical scenario, a water supplier seeks to inject ozone into a pipeline delivering water to a treatment facility. This process aims to pre-disinfect the water before it reaches the treatment plant. The pipeline under consideration measures 2.0 feet in diameter and extends 3,000 feet, operating under a consistent flow rate of 12,000 gallons per minute.

The challenge is determining the concentration of ozone that must be introduced at the pipeline’s head, ensuring that an ozone concentration of 1.2 mg/L is present when the water exits into the treatment plant.

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