Our body obtains energy from the combustion of glucose. During this process, glucose is transformed first into fructose. This reaction has an activation energy close to 55 kJ inside our body, where the process is catalyzed by enzimes. Without these catalysts, the activation enerrgy is close to 97 kJ. How many times does the catalyst increase the rate of this reaction in our body at a normal temperature close to 98.6 F (37 °C)? Select an answer and submit. For keyboard navigation, use the up/down arrow keys to select an answer. a b C d 1.8 times 1.2 x 107 times 2.3 x 104 times 780 times X Your answer

Our body obtains energy from the combustion of glucose. During this process, glucose is transformed first into fructose. This reaction has an activation energy close to 55 kJ inside our body, where the process is catalyzed by enzimes. Without these catalysts, the activation enerrgy is close to 97 kJ. How many times does the catalyst increase the rate of this reaction in our body at a normal temperature close to 98.6 F (37 °C)? Select an answer and submit. For keyboard navigation, use the up/down arrow keys to select an answer. a b C d 1.8 times 1.2 x 107 times 2.3 x 104 times 780 times X Your answer

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter12: Chemical Kinetics

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 80E: One of the concerns about the use of Freons is that they will migrate to the upper atmosphere, where...

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In Chapter 3, we discussed the conversion of biomass into biofuels. One important area of research associated with biofuels is the identification and development of suitable catalysts to increase the rate at which fuels can be produced. Do a web search to find an article describing biofuel catalysts. Then, write one or two sentences describing the reactions being catalyzed, and identify the catalyst as homogeneous or heterogeneous.
Bacteria cause milk to go sour by generating lactic acid. Devise an experiment that could measure the activation energy for the production of lactic acid by bacteria in milk. Describe how your experiment will provide the information you need to determine this value. What assumptions must be made about this reaction?
Account for the relationship between the rate of a reaction and its activation energy.
Based on the kinetic theory of matter, what would the action of a catalyst do to a reaction that is the reverse of some reaction that we say is catalyzed?
. Account for the increase in reaction rate brought about by a catalyst.
The hydrolysis of the sugar sucrose to the sugars glucose and fructose, C12H22O11+H2OC6H12O6+C6H12O6 follows a first-order rate equation for the disappearance of sucrose: Rate =k[C12H22O11] (The products of the reaction, glucose and fructose, have the same molecular formulas but differ in the arrangement of the atoms in their molecules.) (a) In neutral solution, k=2.11011s1 at 27 C and 8.51011s1 at 37 C. Determine the activation energy, the frequency factor, and the rate constant for this equation at 47 C (assuming the kinetics remain consistent with the Arrhenius equation at this temperature). (b) When a solution of sucrose with an initial concentration of 0.150 M reaches equilibrium, the concentration of sucrose is 1.65107M . How long will it take the solution to reach equilibrium at 27 C in the absence of a catalyst? Because the concentration of sucrose at equilibrium is so low, assume that the reaction is irreversible. (c) Why does assuming that the reaction is irreversible simplify the calculation in pan (b)?
(Section 11-5) A rule of thumb is that for a typical reaction, if concentrations are unchanged, a 10-K rise in temperature increases the reaction rate by two to four times. Use an average increase of three times to answer the questions below. (a) What is the approximate activation energy of a typical chemical reaction at 298 K? (b) If a catalyst increases a chemical reactions rate by providing a mechanism that has a lower activation energy, then what change do you expect a 10-K increase in temperature to make in the rate of a reaction whose uncatalyzed activation energy of 75 kJ/mol has been lowered to one half this value (at 298 K) by addition of a catalyst?
A popular chemical demonstration is the magic genie procedure, in which hydrogen peroxide decomposes to water and oxygen gas with the aid of a catalyst. The activation energy of this (uncatalyzed) reaction is 70.0 kJ/mol. When the catalyst is added, the activation energy (at 20.C) is 42.0 kJ/mol. Theoretically, to what temperature (C) would one have to heat the hydrogen peroxide solution so that the rate of the uncatalyzed reaction is equal to the rate of the catalyzed reaction at 20.C? Assume the frequency factor A is constant, and assume the initial concentrations are the same.
11.102 Suppose that you are studying a reaction and need to determine its rate law. Explain what you would need to measure in order to accomplish this in a single experiment, and how you could use graphical methods to get from the experimental data to a complete rate law.
Explain what is meant by the average rate of a reaction.
11.35 For the reaction 2 NO(g) + 2 H?(g) — N,(g) + 2 H,O(g) at 1100°C, the following data have been obtained: [NOJ [HJ Rate = A(N2]/At (mol L~1) (mol L_1) (mol L-1 s_1) 5.0 X 10’1 0.32 0.012 1.0 X 10~’ 0.32 0.048 1.0 X 10"2 0.64 0.096 Derive a rate law for the reaction and determine the value of the rate constant.
One possible mechanism for the decomposition of nitryl chloride, NO2CI, is What is the overall reaction? What rate law would be derived from this mechanism? What effect does increasing the concentration of the product NO2 have on the reaction rate?