Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Question

Transcribed Image Text:**Question: What is the impact and mode of action of cocaine on dopamine levels in the brain?**
- ○ Cocaine accelerates release of dopamine in the blood.
- ○ Cocaine decreases dopamine levels in the brain by blocking reuptake of dopamine.
- ○ Cocaine increases dopamine levels in the brain by blocking reuptake of dopamine.
- ○ Cocaine accelerates release of dopamine in the brain.
**Explanation:**
This question presents four possible effects of cocaine. It focuses on how cocaine interacts with dopamine, a neurotransmitter important for pleasure and reward mechanisms in the brain. Understanding each option is crucial for identifying the correct mechanism:
1. **Cocaine accelerates release of dopamine in the blood.**
- Incorrect: This option inaccurately describes the primary site of action. Cocaine primarily affects dopamine levels in the brain, not in the blood.
2. **Cocaine decreases dopamine levels in the brain by blocking reuptake of dopamine.**
- Incorrect: This option describes the mechanism of some other drugs. Cocaine does not decrease dopamine levels through this method.
3. **Cocaine increases dopamine levels in the brain by blocking reuptake of dopamine.**
- Correct: Cocaine works by blocking the reuptake of dopamine, which leads to increased levels of dopamine in the brain, contributing to its stimulating effects.
4. **Cocaine accelerates release of dopamine in the brain.**
- Incorrect: While cocaine affects dopamine levels, it primarily acts by blocking reuptake rather than accelerating its release.
Expert Solution

Step 1
Cocaine acts by binding to the dopamine transporter, blocking the removal of dopamine from the synapse. Dopamine then accumulates in the synapse to produce an amplified signal to the receiving neurons.
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