Original horizontality: Sedimentary rock layers, or strata, were originally deposited as relatively horizontal layers of sediment. Superposition: In any undisturbed sequence of strata, the oldest stratum is at the bottom of the sequence, and the youngest stratum is at the top of the sequence. Inclusions: A piece of rock (inclusion) contained within a larger rock body must be older than the rock body. Unconformities: These are surfaces that represent a gap in the geologic record, much like pages missing from a book. They are surfaces on which sediment was not deposited for a period of time, or surfaces on which erosion has occurred. Cross-cutting relationships: A feature (such as a fracture, fault, or intrusive rock mass) that cuts across another rock is younger than that rock. 1. For the following geologic cross section, determine the sequence of events using the principles described above. Write down the sequence of letters, from oldest to youngest, along the side of the figure. Between each pair of letters, write down the principle you used to determine the relative timing of the rock or event. In this cross section, Z and I are igneous intrusions, T is a fault, C and L are unconformities, and the other letters denote sedimentary rocks.

Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)

9th Edition

ISBN:9780134746241

Author:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa

Publisher:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa

Chapter1: The Study Of Minerals

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1LR

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Original horizontality: Sedimentary rock layers, or strata, were originally deposited as relatively horizontal layers of sediment.
Superposition: In any undisturbed sequence of strata, the oldest stratum is at the bottom of the sequence, and the youngest stratum is at the top of the sequence.
Inclusions: A piece of rock (inclusion) contained within a larger rock body must be older than the rock body.
Unconformities: These are surfaces that represent a gap in the geologic record, much like pages missing from a book. They are surfaces on which sediment was not deposited for a period of time, or surfaces on which erosion has occurred.
Cross-cutting relationships: A feature (such as a fracture, fault, or intrusive rock mass) that cuts across another rock is younger than that rock.

1. For the following geologic cross section, determine the sequence of events using the principles described above. Write down the sequence of letters, from oldest to youngest, along the side of the figure. Between each pair of letters, write down the principle you used to determine the relative timing of the rock or event. In this cross section, Z and I are igneous intrusions, T is a fault, C and L are unconformities, and the other letters denote sedimentary rocks.