For each problem, you must state the hypotheses, calculate the test statistic, and explain your decision.A sample of 25 cities have been classified as high or low on their homicide rates and on the number of handguns sold within the city limits: a. The table is constructed assuming that homicide rate is the independent variable. Please add %s in the appropriate position (columns or rows) to describe the pattern of the relationship.b. Is there a statistically significant relationship between these variables? ### Table: Handgun Sales and Homicide RatesThis table presents data on the relationship between the volume of handgun sales and homicide rates.#### Columns:- **Volume of Handgun Sales**: Categorized into "High" and "Low".- **Homicide Rate**: Two categories, "Low" and "High".#### Data:- **High Handgun Sales**: - Low Homicide Rate: 8 - High Homicide Rate: 5- **Low Handgun Sales**: - Low Homicide Rate: 4 - High Homicide Rate: 8#### Totals:- Low Homicide Rate: 12- High Homicide Rate: 13This table can be used to analyze patterns and correlations between handgun sales and the prevalence of homicides in different contexts.

Name: For each problem, you must state the hypotheses, calculate the test st
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Description: For each problem, you must state the hypotheses, calculate the test statistic, and explain your decision.A sample of 25 cities have been classified as high or low on their homicide rates and on the number of handguns sold within the city limits: a. T

(a) The given statement is, A sample of 25 cities have been classified as high or low on their homicide rates and on the number of handguns sold within the city limits. The given table of information is, Volume of Handgun Sales Homicide Rate Low High Totals High 8 5 13 Low 4 8 12 Totals 12 13 25 Degrees of freedom: Df=(r-1)(c-1) =(2-1)(2-1) =1x1 =1 Test statistic: The sample statistic is calculated as follows: The chi-square test formula is Expected frequency: Ei=Row total×Column totalTotalTherefore, chi-square statistic is Thus, test statistic is 1.9888. The p-value for the given data is 0.1585 which is obtained by using the Excel formula “=CHISQ.DIST.RT(1.9888,1)”. Decision rule: If p-value ≤α, then reject the null hypothesis. Otherwise, do not reject the null hypothesis. Conclusion: Here, p-value (0.1585) is greater than the level of significance (0.05). This implies that, cities with higher homicide rates do not have significantly higher handgun sales. The following table gives the column wise percentages of hand gun purchases. Volume of Handgun Sales Homicide Rate Low High High 66.67% 38.46% Low 33.33% 61.54% Totals 100% 100% The columns of the table are computed as, Substitute the values from the given table of information, Proceed in a similar manner to obtain rest of the values of the table. The above table suggests that cities with low homicide rates tend to buy more handguns. The cities with higher homicide rates do not have significantly higher handgun sales. The percentage table suggests that cities with low homicide rates tend to buy more handguns. b) From part (a), it can be observed that these variables are independent.