Thermochemistry
Thermochemistry can be considered as a branch of thermodynamics that deals with the connections between warmth, work, and various types of energy, formed because of different synthetic and actual cycles. Thermochemistry describes the energy changes that occur as a result of reactions or chemical changes in a substance.
Exergonic Reaction
The term exergonic is derived from the Greek word in which ‘ergon’ means work and exergonic means ‘work outside’. Exergonic reactions releases work energy. Exergonic reactions are different from exothermic reactions, the one that releases only heat energy during the course of the reaction. So, exothermic reaction is one type of exergonic reaction. Exergonic reaction releases work energy in different forms like heat, light or sound. For example, a glow stick releases light making that an exergonic reaction and not an exothermic reaction since no heat is released. Even endothermic reactions at very high temperature are exergonic.
Consider the following recipe for Snickerdoodle cookies.
Ingredients:
1.5 cups sugar
0.5 cups butter or margarine, softened
0.5 cups shortening
2 eggs
2.75 cups all-purpose flour
2 teaspoons cream of tartar
1 teaspoon baking soda
0.25 teaspoon salt
0.25 cups sugar
2 teaspoon ground cinnamon
Directions:
Heat oven to 400 oF. Mix 1.5 cups of sugar, butter, shortening, and eggs in a large bowl. Stir in flour, cream of tartar, baking soda, and salt. Shape dough into 1.25 inch balls. Mix 0.25 cup sugar and cinnamon. Roll balls in the cinnamon and sugar mixture. Place 2 inches apart on an ungreased cookie sheet. Bake 8 to 10 minutes or until set. Remove from cookie sheet to wire rack.
If one teaspoon of salt has a mass of 5.0 g, how many molecules of salt (NaCl) are being added to this recipe?
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