One of the titrated unknowns is citric acid. Citric acid is a triprotic acid but the first two equivalence points are not well-defined (as seen in the reference graphs on the next page). Discuss one possible reason why these first two equivalence points are not clearly defined on your curve and how you determined the third pKa value of citric acid using the information you extracted from the titration curve.
Ionic Equilibrium
Chemical equilibrium and ionic equilibrium are two major concepts in chemistry. Ionic equilibrium deals with the equilibrium involved in an ionization process while chemical equilibrium deals with the equilibrium during a chemical change. Ionic equilibrium is established between the ions and unionized species in a system. Understanding the concept of ionic equilibrium is very important to answer the questions related to certain chemical reactions in chemistry.
Arrhenius Acid
Arrhenius acid act as a good electrolyte as it dissociates to its respective ions in the aqueous solutions. Keeping it similar to the general acid properties, Arrhenius acid also neutralizes bases and turns litmus paper into red.
Bronsted Lowry Base In Inorganic Chemistry
Bronsted-Lowry base in inorganic chemistry is any chemical substance that can accept a proton from the other chemical substance it is reacting with.
equivalence points are not well-defined (as seen in the reference graphs on the next
page). Discuss one possible reason why these first two equivalence points are not
clearly defined on your curve and how you determined the third pKa value of citric acid
using the information you extracted from the titration curve.
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