One of the many works published by the Greekastronomer Ptolemy (A.D. ca. 100–170) was Optics. In this book Ptolemy reports the results of refraction experiments he conductedby observing light passing from air into water. His results are asfollows: angle of incidence = 10.0°, angle of refraction = 8.00°;angle of incidence = 20.0°, angle of refraction = 15.5°. Find thepercentage error in the calculated index of refraction of water foreach of Ptolemy’s measurements
Refraction of Light
Refraction is a change in the direction of light rays when they travel from one medium to another. It is the bending of light when it goes through different media.
Angle of Refraction
Light is considered by many scientists to have dual nature, both particle nature and wave nature. First, Particle nature is one in which we consider a stream of packets of energy called photons. Second, Wave nature is considering light as electromagnetic radiation whereas part of it is perceived by humans. Visible spectrum defined by humans lies in a range of 400 to 700 nm wavelengths.
Index of Refraction of Diamond
Diamond, the world’s hardest naturally occurring material and mineral known, is a solid form of the element carbon. The atoms are arranged in a crystal structure called diamond cubic. They exist in a huge variety of colours. Also, they are one of the best conductors of heat and have a very high melting point.
One of the many works published by the Greek
astronomer Ptolemy (A.D. ca. 100–170) was Optics. In this book Ptolemy reports the results of refraction experiments he conducted
by observing light passing from air into water. His results are as
follows: angle of incidence = 10.0°, angle of refraction = 8.00°;
angle of incidence = 20.0°, angle of refraction = 15.5°. Find the
percentage error in the calculated index of refraction of water for
each of Ptolemy’s measurements
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