On the Excel spreadsheet (available in the Lab folder on HuskyCT), enter the mass of KNO3 used and the volume of the solution for each trial, along with the temperature at which the first crystals appear. You will need to complete the spreadsheet with the correct function for each calculation. For example, to convert the solution volume in mL to L (cells C6 and C7 in the spreadsheet), divide the values in C6 by 1000 (that is, in Cell C7, insert the formula =C6/1000). Do the same for the other calculations to convert to molarity, solve for Ksp, take the natural logarithm of the Ksp value, convert °C to K, etc. Finally, once all the data has been calculated, make a plot of In(Ksp) vs. 1/T. Insert a trendline and record the slope and y-intercept values to calculate the values for AG and AH. From these you can use the Gibbs- Helmholtz equation to calculate the values for AS.
On the Excel spreadsheet (available in the Lab folder on HuskyCT), enter the mass of KNO3 used and the volume of the solution for each trial, along with the temperature at which the first crystals appear. You will need to complete the spreadsheet with the correct function for each calculation. For example, to convert the solution volume in mL to L (cells C6 and C7 in the spreadsheet), divide the values in C6 by 1000 (that is, in Cell C7, insert the formula =C6/1000). Do the same for the other calculations to convert to molarity, solve for Ksp, take the natural logarithm of the Ksp value, convert °C to K, etc. Finally, once all the data has been calculated, make a plot of In(Ksp) vs. 1/T. Insert a trendline and record the slope and y-intercept values to calculate the values for AG and AH. From these you can use the Gibbs- Helmholtz equation to calculate the values for AS.
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Transcribed Image Text:**Experiment: Determination of Ksp for KNO₃**
**Mass of KNO₃ (g):**
- 10
**Trial Number:**
- 1, 2, 3, 4
**Total Volume of Water (mL):**
- 14, 16.5, 19, 21.5
**Total Volume of Solution (L):**
- 1.40E-02, 1.70E-02, (Values for Trials 3 and 4 are not provided)
**Temperature at Which Crystals Form (°C):**
- 69, 56, 48, 40
**Determination of Ksp:**
- **Moles KNO₃:**
- 0.098911968 (This appears to be incorrect with the title '101.1 moles KNO₃' suggested above it possibly indicating a calculation or prediction model.)
- **Concentration KNO₃:**
- Trial 1: 7.10E+00
- Trial 2: 6.00E+00
- (Values for Trials 3 and 4 are not provided)
- **Ksp:**
- Trial 1: 5.00E+01
- Trial 2: 3.60E+01
- (Values for Trials 3 and 4 are not provided)
**Crystallization Temperature (T, K):**
- Trial 1: 342.13
- Trial 2: 329.13
- (Values for Trials 3 and 4 are not provided)
**ln(Ksp):**
- Trial 1: 3.910345833
- Trial 2: 3.58173972
- (Values for Trials 3 and 4 are not provided)
**ΔG J/mol (from ΔG = -RTln(Ksp)):**
- (Values for Trials 1-4 are not provided)
**1/T, K⁻¹:**
- (Values are not provided)
**Slope of Line Determined by Plotting ln(Ksp) vs 1/T:**
- (Information is not provided)
**ΔH J/mol (from -slope/R):**
- (Information is not provided)
**ΔS, J/K-mol (use ΔG = Δ
Transcribed Image Text:On the Excel spreadsheet (available in the Lab folder on HuskyCT), enter the mass of KNO₃ used and the volume of the solution for each trial, along with the temperature at which the first crystals appear. You will need to complete the spreadsheet with the correct function for each calculation. For example, to convert the solution volume in mL to L (cells C6 and C7 in the spreadsheet), divide the values in C6 by 1000 (that is, in Cell C7, insert the formula =C6/1000). Do the same for the other calculations to convert to molarity, solve for Kₛₚ, take the natural logarithm of the Kₛₚ value, convert °C to K, etc. Finally, once all the data has been calculated, make a plot of ln(Kₛₚ) vs. 1/T. Insert a trendline and record the slope and y-intercept values to calculate the values for ΔG and ΔH. From these, you can use the Gibbs-Helmholtz equation to calculate the values for ΔS.
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