Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Provide IUPAC names for the following structures
1. Structure: This compound contains a six-membered cyclohexane ring with two hydroxyl groups (-OH) attached to the first and second carbon atoms. The hydroxyl groups are oriented such that one is in a wedge form, indicating it is coming out of the plane toward the observer, while the other is in a dashed form, indicating it is going behind the plane away from the observer. This configuration defines the stereochemistry of the molecules.
#### Compound 2: 2-Bromophenol
1. Structure: This compound consists of a benzene ring with a hydroxyl group (-OH) attached to the first carbon atom and a bromine atom (Br) attached to the second carbon atom. The positions of these groups on the aromatic benzene ring determine its chemical properties and reactivity.
#### Compound 3: 2,3-Butanediol
1. Structure: This compound is a four-carbon chain with hydroxyl groups (-OH) attached to the second and third carbon atoms. The hydroxyl groups are located on adjacent carbon atoms, which makes this a diol. The carbon chain has four carbons with the central two carbons bearing the hydroxyl groups.
### Diagram Description:
Each diagram above represents a different organic compound featuring hydroxyl functional groups. The compounds are drawn in a skeletal formula format, where lines represent chemical bonds, and the endpoints/vertices represent carbon atoms. The hydroxyl groups are denoted with "OH," and the bromine atom is denoted with "Br."
- **Cyclohexane-1,2-diol**: Depicts the spatial arrangement of hydroxyl groups on a cyclohexane ring, highlighting the stereochemistry.
- **2-Bromophenol**: Shows the substitution pattern on a benzene ring with a hydroxyl and a bromine atom.
- **2,3-Butanediol**: Illustrates the placement of hydroxyl groups on a straight carbon chain, indicating a diol.
These structural formulas help in understanding their molecular geometry and properties, which are essential for predicting and rationalizing their behavior in chemical reactions.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F43c45beb-0588-4ea9-8956-f80e20fbb757%2Ff1ca6071-9da5-494f-8e0e-d12724cf91ef%2Fn19vymk.png&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:### Understanding Organic Compounds with Hydroxyl Groups (OH)
#### Compound 1: Cyclohexane-1,2-diol
1. Structure: This compound contains a six-membered cyclohexane ring with two hydroxyl groups (-OH) attached to the first and second carbon atoms. The hydroxyl groups are oriented such that one is in a wedge form, indicating it is coming out of the plane toward the observer, while the other is in a dashed form, indicating it is going behind the plane away from the observer. This configuration defines the stereochemistry of the molecules.
#### Compound 2: 2-Bromophenol
1. Structure: This compound consists of a benzene ring with a hydroxyl group (-OH) attached to the first carbon atom and a bromine atom (Br) attached to the second carbon atom. The positions of these groups on the aromatic benzene ring determine its chemical properties and reactivity.
#### Compound 3: 2,3-Butanediol
1. Structure: This compound is a four-carbon chain with hydroxyl groups (-OH) attached to the second and third carbon atoms. The hydroxyl groups are located on adjacent carbon atoms, which makes this a diol. The carbon chain has four carbons with the central two carbons bearing the hydroxyl groups.
### Diagram Description:
Each diagram above represents a different organic compound featuring hydroxyl functional groups. The compounds are drawn in a skeletal formula format, where lines represent chemical bonds, and the endpoints/vertices represent carbon atoms. The hydroxyl groups are denoted with "OH," and the bromine atom is denoted with "Br."
- **Cyclohexane-1,2-diol**: Depicts the spatial arrangement of hydroxyl groups on a cyclohexane ring, highlighting the stereochemistry.
- **2-Bromophenol**: Shows the substitution pattern on a benzene ring with a hydroxyl and a bromine atom.
- **2,3-Butanediol**: Illustrates the placement of hydroxyl groups on a straight carbon chain, indicating a diol.
These structural formulas help in understanding their molecular geometry and properties, which are essential for predicting and rationalizing their behavior in chemical reactions.
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