On January 1, 2024, Instaform, Incorporated, issued 14% bonds with a face amount of $50 million, dated January 1. The bonds mature in 2043 (20 years). The market yield for bonds of similar risk and maturity is 16%. Interest is paid semiannually. Required: 1-a. Determine the price of the bonds at January 1, 2024. 1-b. Prepare the journal entry to record their issuance by Instaform. 2-a. Assume the market rate was 12%. Determine the price of the bonds at January 1, 2024. 2-b. Assume the market rate was 12%. Prepare the journal entry to record their issuance by Instaform. 3. Assume Broadcourt Electronics purchased the entire issue in a private placement of the bonds. Using the data in requirement 2, prepare the journal entry to record the purchase by Broadcourt.

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Capital Gain

Any capital asset when sold can give the seller a higher or lower price from its purchase price leading to a capital gain or capital loss. The time period of holding an asset is decided based on if it is a long term or short-term capital gain. On that basis, the rate of taxation is decided if it is 20%, 15% or according to the tax brackets. The rate of taxation differs in the case of equity or debt, whether long or short term. The capital gain can be adjusted from capital loss to arrive at a net capital gain. The amount of gains and the exemption has to be reported in the tax return filed in the financial year in which the asset was transferred. The tax return can be filed quarterly, monthly, semi-annually or annually.