The image contains a series of organic chemistry reactions demonstrating different chemical processes. Here's a detailed transcription and explanation of each reaction sequence:1. **Epoxide Opening with Acid:** - **Starting Material:** Epoxide (three-membered oxygen-containing ring attached to a cyclohexane). - **Reagents:** - Step 1: Water (H₂O) - Step 2: Sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) - **Overview:** The epoxide ring is opened using water in the presence of sulfuric acid, which typically leads to a diol with anti-addition.2. **Grignard Reaction with Epoxide:** - **Starting Material:** Cyclopentane with a magnesium bromide (MgBr, a Grignard reagent). - **Reagents:** - Step 1: Epoxide - Step 2: Hydrochloric acid (HCl) and Water (H₂O) - **Overview:** The Grignard reagent attacks the less hindered carbon of the epoxide, opening the ring and forming an alcohol after acidic work-up.3. **Hydroboration-Oxidation:** - **Starting Material:** Cyclohexene. - **Reagents:** - Step 1: Borane (BH₃) in tetrahydrofuran (THF) - Step 2: Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), and water (H₂O) - **Overview:** This reaction adds water across the double bond in a syn addition to form a primary alcohol.4. **Dihydroxylation with Osmium Tetroxide:** - **Starting Material:** Cyclohexene. - **Reagents:** - Step 1: Osmium tetroxide (OsO₄) in THF - Step 2: Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) - **Overview:** This reaction results in the syn addition of two hydroxyl groups, transforming the alkene into a vicinal diol.5. **Oxymercuration-Reduction:** - **Starting Material:** Cyclohexene. - **Reagents:** - Step 1: Mercuric acetate [Hg(OAc)₂] in ethanol (CH₃CH₂OH) - Step 2

An arrow always depicts from a region of high electron density to low electron density ; that is tail depicts region of high electron density and head depicts region of low electron density.“Since you have posted multiple subparts questions, we will provide the solution only to the first 3 subparts of the question as per our Q&A guidelines. Please repost the remaining questions separately and specify the question which you want to be answered".In first step, protonation of etheral oxygen takes place.Now, water nucleophile attacks at more substituted site.The nucleophile attacks from remote sideso, involves inversion of stereochemistry as carbocation has not completely formed.Final depotonation gives tertiary alcohol.This is an epoxide ring opening reaction. It follows SN2 reaction mechanism.In first step, nucleophile Grignard reagent attacks less sterically hindered side to open the ring.In second step, protonation occurs to form final alcohol product.Hydroboration oxidation reaction involves anti-markonikov addition of water across double bond.Both hydrogen and -OH groups are added from same side of a double bond. So, it is a syn-addition reaction.IT results in formation the of less substituted alcohol.