O A successful Claisen condensation requires an ester starting material with at least one alpha hydrogen. O The keto tautomer is usually more stable than the enol tautomer. O In a Claisen condensation, you want to match the alkoxide base with the -OR of the ester in order to avoid unwanted transesterification. O An alpha hydrogen on an ester is less acidic than an alpha hydrogen on an aldehyde. O The base-promoted halogenation of a ketone replaces all of the alpha-hydrogen atoms.
Catalysis and Enzymatic Reactions
Catalysis is the kind of chemical reaction in which the rate (speed) of a reaction is enhanced by the catalyst which is not consumed during the process of reaction and afterward it is removed when the catalyst is not used to make up the impurity in the product. The enzymatic reaction is the reaction that is catalyzed via enzymes.
Lock And Key Model
The lock-and-key model is used to describe the catalytic enzyme activity, based on the interaction between enzyme and substrate. This model considers the lock as an enzyme and the key as a substrate to explain this model. The concept of how a unique distinct key only can have the access to open a particular lock resembles how the specific substrate can only fit into the particular active site of the enzyme. This is significant in understanding the intermolecular interaction between proteins and plays a vital role in drug interaction.
Ketone alpha hydrogen is slightly acidic in nature. This is due to the stabilization of the conjugate base with the carbonyl group. Halogenation of ketone can be promoted with the help of base. In a basic medium, halogenation is taken place. This is particularly a substitution reaction where alpha hydrogen is replaced with a halogen.
Trending now
This is a popular solution!
Step by step
Solved in 3 steps
