NPV with Income Taxes: Straight-Line versus Accelerated Depreciation Carl William, Inc. is a conservatively managed boat company whose motto is, "The old ways are the good ways." Management has always used straight-line depreciation for tax and external reporting purposes. Although they are reluctant to change, they are aware of the impact of taxes on a project's profitability. Required For a typical $180,000 investment in equipment with a five-year life and no salvage value, determine the present value of the advantage resulting from the use of double-declining balance depreciation as opposed to straight-line depreciation. Assume an income tax rate of 21% and a discount rate of 20%. Also assume that there will be a switch from double-declining balance to straight-line depreciation in the fourth year. Note: Round your answers below to the nearest whole dollar. Present value of double-declining balance tax shield x Present value of straight-line tax shield x Advantage of double-declining balance depreciation $
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- 8. Analysis of a replacement project Aa Aa At times firms will need to decide if they want to continue to use their current equipment or replace the equipment with newer equipment. The company will need to do replacement analysis to determine which option is the best financial decision for the company. Johnson Co. is considering replacing an existing piece of equipment. The project involves the following: The new equipment will have a cost of $1,800,000, and it will be depreciated on a straight-line basis over a period of six years (years 1-6). • The old machine is also being depreciated on a straight-line basis. It has a book value of $200,000 (at year 0) and four more years of depreciation left ($50,000 per year). The new equipment will have a salvage value of $0 at the end of the project's life (year 6). The old machine has a current salvage value (at year 0) of $300,000. Replacing the old machine will require an investment in net working capital (NWC) of $60,000 that will be…Problem 1: American Company is considering a new product whose data are shown below. The equipment to be used would be depreciated by the straight-line method over its 3-year life and would have a zero-salvage value, and no change in net operating working capital would be required. Revenues and other operating costs are expected to be constant over the project's 3-year life. However, this project would compete with other American products and would reduce their pre-tax annual cash flows. What is the project's NPV? IRR? Briefly discuss the results. 10.0% -$5,000 $80,000 WACC Pre-tax cash flow reduction for other products (cannibalization) Investment cost (depreciable basis) Annual sales revenues Annual operating costs (excl. depreciation) Tax rate $67,500 -$25,000 35.0%Required information [The following information applies to the questions displayed below.] Peng Company is considering an investment expected to generate an average net income after taxes of $1,950 for three years. The investment costs $45,000 and has an estimated $6,000 salvage value. Compute the accounting rate of return for this investment; assume the company uses straight-line depreciation. Choose Numerator: 1 1 Accounting Rate of Return Choose Denominator: G O
- Payback; ARRPortsmouth Port Services creates and maintains shipping channels at various ports around the world. The company is considering the purchase of a $72,000,000 ocean-going dredge that has a five-year life and no salvage value. The company depreciates assets on a straight-line basis. This equipment’s expected annual cash flow on a before-tax basis is $18,600,000. Ports-mouth requires that an investment be recouped in less than five years and have a pre-tax accounting rate of return of at least 18 percent.a. Compute the payback period for this equipment.Note: Round your answer to one decimal place (i.e. round 4.3555 to 4.4).Payback period Answer yearsb. Compute the accounting rate of return for this equipment.Note: Round percentage to one decimal point (i.e. round 4.555% to 4.6%).Accounting rate of return Answer%c. Is the equipment an acceptable investment for Portsmouth? AnswerSeyLamb Footwear is considering the purchase of a new leather stitching machine to replace an existing machine. Assumed a required rate of return of 10% and a 50% tax rate. The company has a policy of charging depreciation on straight line method. No capital gain taxes are assumed. The following information relates to the project. Project Kuk Project Kak Initial Cash outlay 100,000 140,000 Salvage value Nil 20,000 Earnings before depreciation and taxes: Year 1 25,000 40,000 2 25,000 40,000 3 25,000 50,000 4 25,000 60,000 5 25,000 20,000 Required For each project calculate: (i) Pay-back Period (ii) Internal Rate of Return (iii)Profitability IndeConsider a firm that has invested in a 5-year project. It faces a 40% corporate tax rate and its investment belongs to the CCA class with a 30% depreciation rate. A new "take care of equipment" program implemented by the firm allowed it to increase the salvage value of the equipment by $20,000. What was the effect of this program on NPV if the project's discount rate is 12%? $6,809 $8,106 $9,714 $11,349
- 1⢠The Congress Company has identified two methods for producing playing cards. One method involves using a machine having a fixed cost of $10,000 and variable costs of $1.00 per deck of cards. The other method would use a less expensive machine (fixed cost equals $5,000), but it would require greater variable costs ($1.50 per deck of cards). If the selling price per deck of cards will be the same under each method, at what level of output will the two methods produce the same net operating income (EBIT)?A.5,000 decksB.10,000 decksC.15,000 decksD.20,000 decksE.25,000 decks2⢠Spontaneous funds are generally defined as follows:A.Assets required per dollar of sales.B.A forecasting approach in which the forecasted percentage of sales for each item is held constant.C.Funds that a firm must raise externally through short-term or long-term borrowing and/or by selling new common or preferred stock.D.Funds that arise out of normal business operations from its…4. Analysis of a replacement project At times firms will need to decide if they want to continue to use their current equipment or replace the equipment with newer equipment. The company will need to do replacement analysis to determine which option is the best financial decision for the company. Price Co. is considering replacing an existing piece of equipment. The project involves the following: • The new equipment will have a cost of $2,400,000, and it is eligible for 100% bonus depreciation so it will be fully depreciated at t = 0. • The old machine was purchased before the new tax law, so it is being depreciated on a straight-line basis. It has a book value of $200,000 (at year 0) and four more years of depreciation left ($50,000 per year). • The new equipment will have a salvage value of $0 at the end of the project's life (year 6). The old machine has a current salvage value (at year 0) of $300,000. • Replacing the old machine will require an investment in net operating working…4. Analysis of a replacement project At times firms will need to decide if they want to continue to use their current equipment or replace the equipment with newer equipment. The company will need to do replacement analysis to determine which option is the best financial decision for the company. Price Co. is considering replacing an existing piece of equipment. The project involves the following: • The new equipment will have a cost of $9,000,000, and it is eligible for 100% bonus depreciation so it will be fully depreciated at t = 0. • The old machine was purchased before the new tax law, so it is being depreciated on a straight-line basis. It has a book value of $200,000 (at year 0) and four more years of depreciation left ($50,000 per year). • The new equipment will have a salvage value of $0 at the end of the project's life (year 6). The old machine has a current salvage value (at year 0) of $300,000. • Replacing the old machine will require an investment in net…
- 8. Analysis of a replacement project At times firms will need to decide if they want to continue to use their current equipment or replace the equipment with newer equipment. The company will need to do replacement analysis to determine which option is the best financial decision for the company. Price Co. is considering replacing an existing piece of equipment. The project involves the following: • The new equipment will have a cost of $600,000, and it will be depreciated on a straight-line basis over a period of six years (years 1-6). • The old machine is also being depreciated on a straight-line basis. It has a book value of $200,000 (at year 0) and four more years of depreciation left ($50,000 per year). • The new equipment will have a salvage value of $0 at the end of the project's life (year 6). The old machine has a current salvage value (at year 0) of $300,000. • Replacing the old machine will require an investment in net working capital (NWC) of $45,000 that will be recovered…3. Analysis of a replacement project At times firms will need to decide if they want to continue to use their current equipment or replace the equipment with newer equipment. The company will need to do replacement analysis to determine which option is the best financial decision for the company. Price Co. is considering replacing an existing piece of equipment. The project involves the following: • The new equipment will have a cost of $9,000,000, and it will be depreciated on a straight-line basis over a period of six years (years 1–6). • The old machine is also being depreciated on a straight-line basis. It has a book value of $200,000 (at year 0) and four more years of depreciation left ($50,000 per year). • The new equipment will have a salvage value of $0 at the end of the project's life (year 6). The old machine has a current salvage value (at year 0) of $300,000. • Replacing the old machine will require an investment in net working capital (NOWC) of $50,000 that…Pearl Limited is considering upgrading its plant to expand it client base. The financial details of the investment proposal are as follows: Cost of plant R4 700 000 Import duty R 900 000 Installation cost R 450 000 Net cash flows Year 1-8 R1 700 000 per annum (excluding residual value) Residual/scrap value R1 300 000 The company uses straight-line depreciation. The cost of capital for projects of similar risk is 18%. Ignore taxation. Required: 2.1 C alculate the investment’s Accounting Rate of Return (ARR). 2.2 Briefly explain if the ARR is acceptable or not based on a target rate of return of 25%. 2.3 Assume a payback period of 3 years. Determine the