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Not including crossing over (which significantly increases gamete variability), why are there already substantial differences between the genes in two daughter cells following Meiosis 1? because the cells normally experience aneuploidy O because of mutations during meiosis I because the maternal and paternal genes are segregated into different daughter cells because of independent assortment of the chromosomes

Not including crossing over (which significantly increases gamete variability), why are there already substantial differences between the genes in two daughter cells following Meiosis 1? because the cells normally experience aneuploidy O because of mutations during meiosis I because the maternal and paternal genes are segregated into different daughter cells because of independent assortment of the chromosomes

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
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**Question:** Not including crossing over (which significantly increases gamete variability), why are there already substantial differences between the genes in two daughter cells following Meiosis I? **Options:** - ○ because the cells normally experience aneuploidy - ○ because of mutations during meiosis I - ○ because the maternal and paternal genes are segregated into different daughter cells - ○ because of independent assortment of the chromosomes **Explanation for Students:** This question explores the genetic variations that occur during Meiosis I, excluding the effects of crossing over. Each option considers different biological processes or occurrences that can influence genetic diversity in gametes. 1. **Aneuploidy** refers to an abnormal number of chromosomes, which is not a typical feature of normal meiosis and usually results in disorders rather than normal variability between gametes. 2. **Mutations during Meiosis I** are possible but are typically rare and not the main source of the genetic differences in daughter cells. 3. **Segregation of Maternal and Paternal Genes** into different daughter cells is a vital part of Meiosis I, where homologous chromosomes (one from each parent) are separated, contributing to genetic diversity. 4. **Independent Assortment of Chromosomes** refers to the random distribution of maternal and paternal chromosomes into gametes during Meiosis I, which is a major contributor to genetic variability in the resulting cells. This independent assortment leads to many possible combinations of chromosomes and hence genetic differences. These processes are fundamental concepts in understanding how genetic variation arises from sexual reproduction.
Transcribed Image Text:**Question:** Not including crossing over (which significantly increases gamete variability), why are there already substantial differences between the genes in two daughter cells following Meiosis I? **Options:** - ○ because the cells normally experience aneuploidy - ○ because of mutations during meiosis I - ○ because the maternal and paternal genes are segregated into different daughter cells - ○ because of independent assortment of the chromosomes **Explanation for Students:** This question explores the genetic variations that occur during Meiosis I, excluding the effects of crossing over. Each option considers different biological processes or occurrences that can influence genetic diversity in gametes. 1. **Aneuploidy** refers to an abnormal number of chromosomes, which is not a typical feature of normal meiosis and usually results in disorders rather than normal variability between gametes. 2. **Mutations during Meiosis I** are possible but are typically rare and not the main source of the genetic differences in daughter cells. 3. **Segregation of Maternal and Paternal Genes** into different daughter cells is a vital part of Meiosis I, where homologous chromosomes (one from each parent) are separated, contributing to genetic diversity. 4. **Independent Assortment of Chromosomes** refers to the random distribution of maternal and paternal chromosomes into gametes during Meiosis I, which is a major contributor to genetic variability in the resulting cells. This independent assortment leads to many possible combinations of chromosomes and hence genetic differences. These processes are fundamental concepts in understanding how genetic variation arises from sexual reproduction.
**Question 5** If you are looking at the chromosomes in a dividing cell and notice that there are groups of four chromatids laying side-by-side waiting to be separated, you would know that the cell must be in _____. - ○ Metaphase of Meiosis I - ○ S Phase of the cell cycle - ○ One of the phases of Mitosis - ○ Prophase of Meiosis II
Transcribed Image Text:**Question 5** If you are looking at the chromosomes in a dividing cell and notice that there are groups of four chromatids laying side-by-side waiting to be separated, you would know that the cell must be in _____. - ○ Metaphase of Meiosis I - ○ S Phase of the cell cycle - ○ One of the phases of Mitosis - ○ Prophase of Meiosis II
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