NO₂ NO2 HO" | H1₂0 H2O 0₂N NOL H

Chemistry
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Draw the mechanism from the reactants to the product shown in the picture using robinson annulation. 

What role do the nitro groups play electronically? Why would the reaction be much slower if these nitro groups weren’t attached to those benzene carbons? Draw structures to support answer 

### Reaction Mechanism of Aromatic Compound

#### Synthesis of Aromatic Ketone via Aldol Condensation

This diagram illustrates an organic chemistry reaction, specifically the synthesis of an aromatic ketone through an aldol condensation reaction.

1. **Starting Material**:
   - The starting compound is an aromatic molecule, specifically a benzene ring with two nitro groups (NO₂) attached at the 1 and 3 positions, and an aldehyde group (CHO) attached at the 4 position.

2. **Reaction Conditions**:
   - The reaction is carried out under basic conditions, indicated by the presence of hydroxide ion (HO⁻) in water (H₂O).

3. **Reaction Mechanism**:
   - The mechanism involves the formation of a carbon-carbon double bond between the starting compound and acetone. Two molecules of the aromatic aldehyde undergo a condensation reaction with the acetone molecule.

4. **Intermediate Step**:
   - The aldehyde reacts with the acetone in the presence of hydroxide ions, resulting in the formation of an intermediate product, which further undergoes dehydration (loss of water) to form a double bond.

5. **Final Product**:
   - The final product is a new aromatic molecule where the original aldehyde group has been converted into a ketone group at the new position. The product has an extended conjugated system with additional carbon-carbon double bonds, enhancing stability and resonance.

### Structural Explanation

- **Starting Compound**: 
  - Aromatic ring with two nitro groups (NO₂) and an aldehyde group (CHO).
- **Product Compound**: 
  - The aromatic ring now has an extended system with a conjugated ketone group in place of the original aldehyde.

### Graph Explanation:

- **Left Structure**: The benzene ring contains two nitro groups (NO₂) in meta positions to each other, and an aldehyde group (CHO) at another position.
- **Middle Section**: Reaction conditions mention the use of hydroxide ion (HO⁻) in water (H₂O), facilitating the aldol condensation reaction.
- **Right Structure**: The resulting compound shows the formation of a conjugated system with a ketone group replacing the original aldehyde, along with the nitro groups (NO₂) maintaining their positions on the aromatic ring.

By following this reaction mechanism, the transformation of an aromatic aldehyde to a corresponding aromatic ketone through the
Transcribed Image Text:### Reaction Mechanism of Aromatic Compound #### Synthesis of Aromatic Ketone via Aldol Condensation This diagram illustrates an organic chemistry reaction, specifically the synthesis of an aromatic ketone through an aldol condensation reaction. 1. **Starting Material**: - The starting compound is an aromatic molecule, specifically a benzene ring with two nitro groups (NO₂) attached at the 1 and 3 positions, and an aldehyde group (CHO) attached at the 4 position. 2. **Reaction Conditions**: - The reaction is carried out under basic conditions, indicated by the presence of hydroxide ion (HO⁻) in water (H₂O). 3. **Reaction Mechanism**: - The mechanism involves the formation of a carbon-carbon double bond between the starting compound and acetone. Two molecules of the aromatic aldehyde undergo a condensation reaction with the acetone molecule. 4. **Intermediate Step**: - The aldehyde reacts with the acetone in the presence of hydroxide ions, resulting in the formation of an intermediate product, which further undergoes dehydration (loss of water) to form a double bond. 5. **Final Product**: - The final product is a new aromatic molecule where the original aldehyde group has been converted into a ketone group at the new position. The product has an extended conjugated system with additional carbon-carbon double bonds, enhancing stability and resonance. ### Structural Explanation - **Starting Compound**: - Aromatic ring with two nitro groups (NO₂) and an aldehyde group (CHO). - **Product Compound**: - The aromatic ring now has an extended system with a conjugated ketone group in place of the original aldehyde. ### Graph Explanation: - **Left Structure**: The benzene ring contains two nitro groups (NO₂) in meta positions to each other, and an aldehyde group (CHO) at another position. - **Middle Section**: Reaction conditions mention the use of hydroxide ion (HO⁻) in water (H₂O), facilitating the aldol condensation reaction. - **Right Structure**: The resulting compound shows the formation of a conjugated system with a ketone group replacing the original aldehyde, along with the nitro groups (NO₂) maintaining their positions on the aromatic ring. By following this reaction mechanism, the transformation of an aromatic aldehyde to a corresponding aromatic ketone through the
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