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NH2 1. NANO2, HCI, 0 °C. 2. CuCl CH3

NH2 1. NANO2, HCI, 0 °C. 2. CuCl CH3

Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Provide the major organic product(s) for the reaction shown below. Write NR if a reaction does not occur
### Educational Content: Organic Chemistry Reaction Mechanism **Reaction Description:** The image depicts a chemical reaction involving an aromatic amine and distinct reagents. Specifically, the reaction involves **2-Methylaminobenzene (o-toluidine)** undergoing a transformation through a two-step process: 1. **First Step:** - **Reagents:** Sodium nitrite (NaNO₂) and hydrochloric acid (HCl) - **Condition:** 0 degrees Celsius (0 °C) 2. **Second Step:** - **Reagent:** Copper(I) chloride (CuCl) **Chemical Transformation:** In the first step, o-toluidine (2-Methylaminobenzene) reacts with sodium nitrite and hydrochloric acid at a low temperature (0°C). This diazotization reaction produces a diazonium salt intermediate. The detailed mechanism involves the formation of nitrous acid (HNO2) in situ, which then reacts with the aromatic amine to form the diazonium ion (Ar-N₂⁺Cl⁻). In the second step, the copper(I) chloride (CuCl) participates in a Sandmeyer reaction, where the diazonium salt is replaced with a chlorine atom, resulting in the formation of the corresponding chlorinated aromatic compound. **Graphical Representation:** The diagram shows the starting molecule with its chemical structure: - **o-Toluidine (2-Methylaminobenzene)**: This consists of a benzene ring with an amino group (-NH₂) attached to the first carbon and a methyl group (-CH₃) attached to the adjacent carbon. The arrow indicates a reaction taking place to yield a product after applying the listed reagents and conditions. The detailed arrangement of the molecules and atoms within the diagram is specifically drawn to illustrate the chemical transformation clearly. This reaction is widely utilized in organic chemistry to modify aromatic compounds, demonstrating fundamental concepts like electrophilic substitution and diazonium chemistry. Understanding this reaction can provide deeper insights into synthetic pathways and mechanistic studies in organic chemistry.
Transcribed Image Text:### Educational Content: Organic Chemistry Reaction Mechanism **Reaction Description:** The image depicts a chemical reaction involving an aromatic amine and distinct reagents. Specifically, the reaction involves **2-Methylaminobenzene (o-toluidine)** undergoing a transformation through a two-step process: 1. **First Step:** - **Reagents:** Sodium nitrite (NaNO₂) and hydrochloric acid (HCl) - **Condition:** 0 degrees Celsius (0 °C) 2. **Second Step:** - **Reagent:** Copper(I) chloride (CuCl) **Chemical Transformation:** In the first step, o-toluidine (2-Methylaminobenzene) reacts with sodium nitrite and hydrochloric acid at a low temperature (0°C). This diazotization reaction produces a diazonium salt intermediate. The detailed mechanism involves the formation of nitrous acid (HNO2) in situ, which then reacts with the aromatic amine to form the diazonium ion (Ar-N₂⁺Cl⁻). In the second step, the copper(I) chloride (CuCl) participates in a Sandmeyer reaction, where the diazonium salt is replaced with a chlorine atom, resulting in the formation of the corresponding chlorinated aromatic compound. **Graphical Representation:** The diagram shows the starting molecule with its chemical structure: - **o-Toluidine (2-Methylaminobenzene)**: This consists of a benzene ring with an amino group (-NH₂) attached to the first carbon and a methyl group (-CH₃) attached to the adjacent carbon. The arrow indicates a reaction taking place to yield a product after applying the listed reagents and conditions. The detailed arrangement of the molecules and atoms within the diagram is specifically drawn to illustrate the chemical transformation clearly. This reaction is widely utilized in organic chemistry to modify aromatic compounds, demonstrating fundamental concepts like electrophilic substitution and diazonium chemistry. Understanding this reaction can provide deeper insights into synthetic pathways and mechanistic studies in organic chemistry.
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