Musculoskeletal System
The musculoskeletal system, also called the locomotor system, is an organ system that gives humans and animals the ability to move using their muscular and skeletal systems. It provides stability, form, support, and movement to the body. The skeleton is composed of bones (skeleton), muscles, cartilage, tendons, ligaments, joints, and other connective tissue that supports and binds tissues and organs together. The musculoskeletal system is subdivided into two broad systems, such as the muscular system and the skeletal system.
Skeletal structure
The skeletal system is the core framework of the human body. The skeletal structure comprises bones and connective tissue, including cartilage, ligaments, and tendons. The skeletal structure of our body acts as a support structure. It maintains the body's shape and is responsible for its movement, blood cell formation, protection of organs, and mineral storage. The skeletal system is referred to as the musculoskeletal system.
![This image depicts the chemical structure of a nucleotide, a fundamental building block of nucleic acids like DNA and RNA.
### Structure Components:
1. **Section A - Phosphate Group**:
- The leftmost part of the diagram represents the phosphate group. It consists of a phosphorus atom (P) bonded to four oxygen atoms (O), with one double-bonded oxygen and two negatively charged oxygen (O-) ions indicating it is part of a larger polymer.
2. **Section B - Sugar Molecule**:
- The middle section of the molecule is a pentose sugar. This specific sugar is deoxyribose or ribose, indicated by labels (X) and (Y):
- (X) and (Y) represent hydrogen (H) and hydroxyl group (OH) configurations. In deoxyribose, (X) would be hydrogen, and in ribose, (Y) would be a hydroxyl group.
3. **Section C - Nitrogenous Base**:
- The rightmost part of the structure is the nitrogenous base. This example shows a purine or pyrimidine base, which contains nitrogen (N) atoms and is attached to the sugar. The specific structure resembles cytosine, with an amino group (NH₂) on the carbon ring.
### Understanding Nucleotides:
- Nucleotides are the basic units of genetic material and consist of three parts: a phosphate group, a sugar, and a nitrogenous base.
- They are linked together to form the backbone of DNA/RNA strands through phosphodiester bonds between the phosphate group of one nucleotide and the sugar of the next.
This diagram helps students understand the molecular composition and connectivity within nucleic acids, crucial for genetics and molecular biology studies.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F038406b0-6776-4018-a238-9cdfdbcd8782%2F8702eea0-9382-4ca3-bbfe-fa6227302e3c%2F3qsqadf_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
![**Question:**
Part C of the structure above is an example of a:
- ( ) ribose sugar
- ( ) deoxyribose sugar
- ( ) pyrimidine
- ( ) purine
(Note: The image does not include any diagrams or graphs related to this question.)](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F038406b0-6776-4018-a238-9cdfdbcd8782%2F8702eea0-9382-4ca3-bbfe-fa6227302e3c%2F9dqj5ih_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
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NUCLEOTIDE
Nucleoside when combined with a Phosphate forms Nucleotide.
Nucleoside = ribose/deoxyribose sugar + Purine/pyrimidine ring.
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