Name the types of cells in the stomach and the secretionsthey produce. What are the functions of the secretions?

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
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Name the types of cells in the stomach and the secretions
they produce. What are the functions of the secretions?

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The stomach is a sac-like digestive organ present in between the esophagus and small intestine; it is concerned with the temporary storage and breakdown of food. The stomach comprises four different types of secretory cells, which are as follows –

  1. Mucous cells - these cells secrete mucus that is alkaline in nature; the function of this secretion is to protect the stomach’s epithelial lining against the action of acids and stress.
  2. Chief cells – these cells secrete the proteolytic pepsin enzyme, which aids the breakdown of proteins.
  3. Parietal cells – these cells secrete the strong hydrochloric acid whose function is to kill the germs and bacteria present in the ingested food.
  4. G cells – these cells secrete the gastrin hormone, which triggers the production of hydrochloric acid.
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