Anatomy and Physiology of Special Sensory Organs
Sensory organs can be labeled as special sensory structures that permit sight, hearing, odor, and flavor. Sensory structures permitting proprioception, touch, thermal, and pain perception can be classified as more advanced sensory organs. The sensory neurons are trained to find out modifications in the external and internal conditions so that a person's body can react to that change. A stimulus is the first signal that is recognized by any sensory receptor of the body. Stimulus is an impulse generated when there is a change in the surroundings of a person. For example, a heated environment will alert the brain through the thermal sensory organs and generate a reflex accordingly.
Sensory Receptors
The human sensory system is one of the most complex and highly evolved structures, which processes a myriad of incoming messages. This well-coordinated system helps an organism or individual to respond to external stimuli, appropriately. The sensory receptors are an important part of the sensory system. These receptors are specialized epidermal cells that respond to external environmental stimuli. These receptors consist of structural and support cells that form the peripheral unit of the receptor and the neural dendrites which receive and detect the external stimuli.
Name the structure that imparts color to the eye.
Eye is an organ responsible for sight/ vision.
There are many structures which works together to produce clear vision.
Cornea is first structure through which light passes and has a shape like dome.
In next step it passes through pupil, iris is the structure which controls how much amount of light should be passed.
From there, light hits on a transparent structure lens, which has role in focusing light rays onto retina.
Retina has cells which can absorb this light and convert them into electrochemical signals transferring them to optic nerve and then to brain.
Colour of eye is based on the amount od melanin pigment present in iris.
More melanin pigmentation gives brown colour to eyes while less melanin pigmentation results in Blue eye colour.
Brown eye colour is considered as dominant trait over blue eye colour.
And the inheritance pattern is complex as it involves 8 genes.
These genes are responsible for melanin production.
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