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Name the molecules

Name the molecules

Chemistry: The Molecular Science
Chemistry: The Molecular Science
5th Edition
ISBN:9781285199047
Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski
Publisher:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski
Chapter10: Fuels, Organic Chemicals, And Polymers
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 10.BCP
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Name the molecules 

### Chemical Structures of Substituted Benzene Rings **Figure 1: Dichlorobromobenzene and Dichloromethylbenzene Molecules** The image contains hand-drawn chemical structures of two benzene ring derivatives. Each structure has substituents attached to the benzene ring. #### Structure 1: Dichlorobromobenzene - **Description**: This structure is a benzene ring with three substituents. - One chlorine atom (Cl) is attached to the first carbon. - Another chlorine atom (Cl) is attached to the second carbon. - A bromine atom (Br) is attached to the fourth carbon. - **Diagram**: ``` Cl | C / \ C C || | C C \ / C | Br ``` #### Structure 2: Dichloromethylbenzene - **Description**: This structure is a benzene ring with the following substituents: - One chlorine atom (Cl) is attached to the first carbon. - A methyl group (CH₃) is attached to the second carbon. - Another chlorine atom (Cl) is attached to the fourth carbon. - **Diagram**: ``` Cl | C / \ C C || | C C \ / C | CH₃ ``` ### Concepts Covered: - **Substituted Benzene Rings**: Benzene rings can have various functional groups attached to them, which are called substituents. - **Nomenclature of Aromatic Compounds**: The position of the substituents on the benzene ring is crucial for naming aromatic compounds. - **Visually Representing Molecules**: Hand-drawn diagrams can efficiently convey information about molecular structures, especially organic compounds. These diagrams are fundamental for understanding organic chemistry, as they provide visual representations of complex molecular structures. The specific arrangement of different substituents around the benzene ring determines the compound's chemical properties and reactivity.
Transcribed Image Text:### Chemical Structures of Substituted Benzene Rings **Figure 1: Dichlorobromobenzene and Dichloromethylbenzene Molecules** The image contains hand-drawn chemical structures of two benzene ring derivatives. Each structure has substituents attached to the benzene ring. #### Structure 1: Dichlorobromobenzene - **Description**: This structure is a benzene ring with three substituents. - One chlorine atom (Cl) is attached to the first carbon. - Another chlorine atom (Cl) is attached to the second carbon. - A bromine atom (Br) is attached to the fourth carbon. - **Diagram**: ``` Cl | C / \ C C || | C C \ / C | Br ``` #### Structure 2: Dichloromethylbenzene - **Description**: This structure is a benzene ring with the following substituents: - One chlorine atom (Cl) is attached to the first carbon. - A methyl group (CH₃) is attached to the second carbon. - Another chlorine atom (Cl) is attached to the fourth carbon. - **Diagram**: ``` Cl | C / \ C C || | C C \ / C | CH₃ ``` ### Concepts Covered: - **Substituted Benzene Rings**: Benzene rings can have various functional groups attached to them, which are called substituents. - **Nomenclature of Aromatic Compounds**: The position of the substituents on the benzene ring is crucial for naming aromatic compounds. - **Visually Representing Molecules**: Hand-drawn diagrams can efficiently convey information about molecular structures, especially organic compounds. These diagrams are fundamental for understanding organic chemistry, as they provide visual representations of complex molecular structures. The specific arrangement of different substituents around the benzene ring determines the compound's chemical properties and reactivity.
### Aromatic Hydrocarbon Compounds The image features hand-drawn structural diagrams of aromatic hydrocarbon compounds, specifically substituted benzene rings. 1. **First Compound (top):** - **Structure:** A benzene ring with six carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal shape. - **Substituents:** - The ring has a nitro group (NO₂) attached to one of the carbon atoms. - An ethyl group (CH₂CH₃) is present on another carbon atom. - **Positioning:** - The NO₂ group and the CH₂CH₃ group are para to each other (positions 1 and 4 on the benzene ring). 2. **Second Compound (bottom):** - **Structure:** A cyclohexane ring with six carbon atoms forming a hexagonal shape. - **Substituents:** - There are three methyl groups (CH₃) attached to the third carbon atoms of the ring. - **Positioning:** - The CH₃ groups are attached to three different carbon atoms around the ring. ### Graphical Explanation: - The benzene and cyclohexane rings are depicted as hexagons due to their six-carbon-atom structure. - Substituents like NO₂, CH₂CH₃, and CH₃ are bonded to specific carbon atoms on these rings, altering the chemical properties of the original hydrocarbons. - These drawings help in visualizing the molecular structure, which is crucial for understanding their chemical behavior and interactions. ### Educational Significance: Understanding the structure and placement of different functional groups on aromatic hydrocarbons is essential for students studying organic chemistry. It aids in predicting physical properties, reactivity, and possible interactions with other chemical compounds.
Transcribed Image Text:### Aromatic Hydrocarbon Compounds The image features hand-drawn structural diagrams of aromatic hydrocarbon compounds, specifically substituted benzene rings. 1. **First Compound (top):** - **Structure:** A benzene ring with six carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal shape. - **Substituents:** - The ring has a nitro group (NO₂) attached to one of the carbon atoms. - An ethyl group (CH₂CH₃) is present on another carbon atom. - **Positioning:** - The NO₂ group and the CH₂CH₃ group are para to each other (positions 1 and 4 on the benzene ring). 2. **Second Compound (bottom):** - **Structure:** A cyclohexane ring with six carbon atoms forming a hexagonal shape. - **Substituents:** - There are three methyl groups (CH₃) attached to the third carbon atoms of the ring. - **Positioning:** - The CH₃ groups are attached to three different carbon atoms around the ring. ### Graphical Explanation: - The benzene and cyclohexane rings are depicted as hexagons due to their six-carbon-atom structure. - Substituents like NO₂, CH₂CH₃, and CH₃ are bonded to specific carbon atoms on these rings, altering the chemical properties of the original hydrocarbons. - These drawings help in visualizing the molecular structure, which is crucial for understanding their chemical behavior and interactions. ### Educational Significance: Understanding the structure and placement of different functional groups on aromatic hydrocarbons is essential for students studying organic chemistry. It aids in predicting physical properties, reactivity, and possible interactions with other chemical compounds.
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