Lipids
The heterogeneous classes of organic compounds that are not water-soluble but are dissolved in organic solvents that are non-polar in nature are termed lipids. They are a long chain of fatty acids and esters of alcohols. Lipids are generally seen in several plants, microorganisms, and animals. They are utilized as insulation, components of the cell membrane, hormones, and molecules for the storage of energy.
Glycerophospholipid
Glycerophospholipid is the most abundantly occuring phospholipids found in the biological membranes. Lipids include a group of organic compounds like fats, hormones, oils, waxes, vitamins etc. They are non-polar molecules and are insoluble in water. Lipids play an important role in biological systems. They are the building blocks of our cell membranes, store energy and are involved in signaling.
Structure Of Camphor
A terpene with the molecular formula of C10H16O is a waxy, white color solid known as camphor. It is flammable. It also possesses a very pungent taste and a strong odor. There are various sources for extracting camphor from natural products such as the wood of the tree of camphor laurel. Sublimation of wood and steam distillation are some of the methods involved in obtaining camphor.
Glycolipid In Organic Chemistry
Glycolipids are lipids that are an important class of organic compounds in chemistry that have simple to complex applications. They contain carbohydrates, fatty acids, sphingolipids or a glycerol group. In other words, they are the modifications of lipids like acylglycerols, prenols and ceramides. They are all part of a wider group of compounds known as glycoconjugates.
Diterpenoid
The terpenoid class includes diterpenoids, which are chemical compounds with 20 carbon atoms. They are made up of four isoprene units and are derived from geranylgeraniol, a C20 precursor. They have a C20H32 basic structure. These characteristics distinguish diterpenoids from simple terpenes, which have just 10 carbon atoms.
20
![Average Bond Enthalpies
Average Bond Enthalpies
Bond
C=C
CEC
C=N
KJ/mol
614
839
Bond KJ/mol Bond
KJ/mol Bond KJ/mol Bond
KJ/mol
С-Н
413
N-H
391
O-H
463
F-F
155
146
190
C-C
348
N-N
163
201
0-0
O-F
CI-F
253
242
615
891
799
1072
C-N
293
N-O
CI-CI
CEN
C-O
C-F
C-CI
C-Br
358
N-F
N-CI
272
O-CI
203
Br-F
Br-CI
Br-Br
237
485
200
234
218
C=0
328
N-Br
243
193
CEO
276
240
259
S-H
S-F
S-CI
S-Br
339
327
253
218
C-I
C-S
H-H
H-F
H-CI
H-Br
436
567
431
I-CI
I-Br
208
175
151
N=N
418
NEN
941
Si-H 323
Si-Si 226
366
S-S
266
N=O
607
299
Si-C 301
B-H
389
P-H
322
S=0
S=S
523
418
Si-O 368
B-O
B-F
536
Si-CI 464
613
B-CI
456
B-Br
377
O2
495
Acid
pK,
so Solids
Naci 72.1
HC=C-H
25
Liquids
HBr
сH,он 237.6
CH,
228.9 H,0
Ca,(PO 236
Gases
HCI
| N.O
Mg
CaCo,
198.7
32.7
MgH, 31.1
29.1
51.4
64.7
27.2
92.9
186.9
219.9
211.2
240.1
304.3
232.0
Cacl,
H,C=CH-H
44
N,0
NO
113.8
Li
Cа(он), 76.1
Na
K
Fe
172.8
69.9
216.3
NO,
H;C-CH2-H
50
PCI,
Cac,
glucose
352.7
70.0
209.2
5.6
186.9
B,H,
CH
NH2-H
FeCl, 142.3
35
Gases
H,
N,
186.3
в
B
5.90
130.7
C,H,
C,H.
C,H,
200.8
219.6
229.6
126.0
146.2
Si
I
18.8 NH,CI
Ca,(PO, 238.5 Mg(OH), 63.2
191.5
H-H
36
205.1
192.5
238.9
197.7
H,PO, "110
Na,so, 149.6
Na,co, 136.0
NaOH 52.3
Na, PO, 224.7
LICI
Mgo
MgCl,
Naci(aq) 115.5
Не
CH,CH,OH
15.9
kJ/mol
2.1
4.2
Ne
CI
OH
Ar
154.8
co,
F2
ci,
213.7
202.8
223
310
Kr
R-CO2-H
5
164.0
169.6
CH,
55.2
26.8
89.5
7.6
8.0
9.2
22.8
Xe
CH,CH,
HCI
-8
ipr
t-Bu
Strong Base
Weak Base
Weak Base
Strong Base
Weak Nucleophile Strong Nucleophile Strong Nucleophile Weak Nucleophile
H', DBN, DBU
OH", RO
I, Br", CI', RS"
HS', RSH, H,S
H20, ROH
DBN
DBU
Radical Stability
Bond Dissociation Energy, kJ/mole
CH, CH;CH; (CH3)2CH2 (CH3);CH allyl-H Benzyl-H phenyl-H vinyl-H
431
410
396
381
356
356
431
427
allyl, benzyl > 3° > 2° > 1° > CH3
Reactions: Can only use Radical, Alkene, Substitution and Elimination.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Ff5d66ebf-e981-4b57-99d2-f171bcd6f6b7%2F8ff4946f-6fdf-4156-b4e6-d3ca11299a1f%2Fdbmo7wj_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
![Name the major product of the following reaction:
BH31
THE
H,02,N2OH](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Ff5d66ebf-e981-4b57-99d2-f171bcd6f6b7%2F8ff4946f-6fdf-4156-b4e6-d3ca11299a1f%2Fgpj6bzm_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
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