Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Question
25. Draw the product of the following reaction.
Transcribed Image Text:### Transcription and Explanation
#### Chemical Reaction Representation
This image represents a chemical reaction sequence involving an alkyne functional group. Here is a step-by-step explanation of the process:
1. **Starting Material:**
- The starting material is an aromatic alkyne compound. It consists of a benzene ring attached to a terminal alkyne group (−C≡CH).
2. **Reagents and Reaction Conditions:**
- **Sodium Amide (NaNH₂):** This is a strong base used in the first step of the reaction. It deprotonates the terminal hydrogen of the alkyne, generating a sodium acetylide (−C≡C⁻Na⁺).
- The arrow indicates the direction of the reaction.
3. **Second Step:**
- **Ethyl Iodide (C₂H₅I):** This is used in the second step of the reaction sequence. The sodium acetylide ion acts as a nucleophile, attacking the ethyl iodide in a nucleophilic substitution reaction (S_N2 reaction). This results in the formation of a new carbon-carbon bond.
#### Result
- The end product is an extended alkyne chain where an ethyl group (−C₂H₅) is added to the starting alkyne.
No graphs or diagrams are present beyond the chemical reaction representation, which details the transformation of chemical structures through the reagents used.
Expert Solution
Step 1
The reaction of sodium amide with alkyne:
Sodium amide is a strong base. It abstracts the acidic hydrogen and forms a nucleophile which acts upon the electrophile to form the product. The terminal hydrogen of the alkyne is acidic in nature so, it is abstracted by sodium amide.
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