More than 50,000 state and local governments and their agencies borrow money by issuing municipal bonds to build, repair, or improve schools, streets, highways, hospitals, sewer systems, and so on. When the federal income tax law was adopted in 1913, interest on municipal bonds was excluded from federal taxation. As a result, municipal bond investors are willing to accept lower yields than those they can obtain from taxable bonds. As part of your portfolio, you are considering investing $70,000 in bonds. You have the choice of investing in tax-exempt municipal bonds yielding 2.75% or corporate bonds yielding 4% in taxable interest income.   (a)What is the annual interest income (in $) and tax status of the municipal bond investment?       (b)What is the annual interest income (in $) and tax status of the corporate bond investment?     (c) If you are in the 32% marginal tax bracket for federal income taxes and  your state and local taxes on that income amount to an additional 7%, what is the after-tax income (in $) on the corporate bonds?   (d) What is the actual percent yield realized on the corporate bonds after taxes

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Unitary Method

The word “unitary” comes from the word “unit”, which means a single and complete entity. In this method, we find the value of a unit product from the given number of products, and then we solve for the other number of products. 

Speed, Time, and Distance

Imagine you and 3 of your friends are planning to go to the playground at 6 in the evening. Your house is one mile away from the playground and one of your friends named Jim must start at 5 pm to reach the playground by walk. The other two friends are 3 miles away.

Profit and Loss

The amount earned or lost on the sale of one or more items is referred to as the profit or loss on that item.

Units and Measurements

Measurements and comparisons are the foundation of science and engineering. We, therefore, need rules that tell us how things are measured and compared. For these measurements and comparisons, we perform certain experiments, and we will need the experiments to set up the devices.