Monthly point rainfalls due to a storm at rain-gauge stations A, B, C, D and E in a Waterval basin are shownin Fig. 3. Suppose the station D was not in operative for long period of time. The recorded annual rainfalls for stationsA, B, C and E are 91.7, 76.2, 82.5 and 66.8 mm, respectively.4.1. Calculate the scale of the map4.2. Determine the average areal depth of rainfall over the basin using the:(a) Arithmetic Mean method(b) Theison Polygon Method4.3. Estimate the annual rainfall at station D using:(a) Comparison Method(b) Normal Ratio Methodkm60C7.2 mm40B6.8 mm75mm200Figure 3D7.8 mmE6.8 mm(km)

Approach to solving the question: through calculating the data given. Detailed explanation:4.1.…

Answered: Monthly point rainfalls due to a storm…

Structural Analysis

6th Edition

ISBN:9781337630931

Author:KASSIMALI, Aslam.

Publisher:KASSIMALI, Aslam.

Chapter2: Loads On Structures

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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A catchment has six rain gauge stations, In a year, the annual rainfall recorded by the gauges are as follows: Station R C A B F DE Rainfall (cm) 82.6 102.9 180.3 110.3 98.8 136.7 For a 10% error in the estimation of the mean rainfall, what is the optimum number of = 35.04 and ε = 10) stations in the catchment? (Take P = 118.6, om-1 1 (b) 9 (d) 7 (a) 10 (c) 8
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1. Point rainfalls due to a storm at several rain-gauge stations in a basin are shown in Fig. 1. Determine the mean areal depth of rainfall over the basin by the isohyetal method. Zone I II III IV V VI Aren of bnain 6 cm Isohyetals. 5.5 cm VI 6 cm Ⓒ 7.3 cm O III 8 cm do 9.6 cm 10 cm 7.1 cm 8.9 cm 8.9 cm Ⓒ IV Fig. 1 Area (km²) 6 cm 56 192 420 244 44 58 1014 km² 7.6 cm III 5.1 cm 7.2 cm 8 cm 4 cm Ⓒ-Rain gauge stations 5.2 cm II -6 cm Basin boundary Ⓒ3.6 cm 5.6 cm 4 cm
For the basin shown in Fig. 1, the normal annual rainfall depths recorded and the isohyetals are given. Determine the optimum number of rain-gauge stations to be established in the basin if it is desired to limit the error in the mean value of rainfall to 10%. Indicate how you are going to distribute the additional rain-gauge stations required if any. What is the percentage accuracy of the existing network in the estimation of the average depth of rainfall over the basin? The area between the isohyetals are given below:
A catchment has seven rain gauge station. In a year, the annual rainfall recorded by the gauges are as follows: Station R U V Rainfall 130.0 142.1 118.2 108.5 165.2 102.1 146.9 (cm) For a 5% error in estimation of the mean rainfall, calculate the minimum number of additional station required to be established in the catchment. (Ans. 5)
:A-Explain the following briefly Two only. 1-The methods of determination of average precipitation over an area. 2-What are the factors affecting flood Hydrograph? 3-What are the basic assumptions for deriving the unconfined aquifer equations? B: The normal annual precipitation of five rain gauges stations P, Q, R, S and T are 120, 100, 80, 110, and 140 cm respectively. During a particular storm the precipitation recorded by stations P, Q, R, and S are 15, 10, 7, and 11 respectively, the instrument at station T was inoperative during the storm. Estimate the rainfall at station T during the storm.
Q2. (a) A catchment area has 5 rain gauge stations with annual recorded data for in Table Q2-1. year 2010 (i) Determine the standard error in the estimation of mean rainfall. (ii) Calculate the optimum number of rain gauge for a 10% error of mean rainfall. (6 marks) (2 marks) (iii) In year 2020, mean rainfall data is obtained with 1100mm for station A, 950mm for station B, 1250mm for station C, 1150mm for station D, but station E is inoperative. (2 marks) Estimate the mean rainfall in station E by using normal ratio method.
a) Draw Thiessen polygons on the catchment shown below. If the rainfall depths recorded by Gauge A, B, and C are 19mm, 8mm, and 9mm and the corresponding polygon areas are 5.1 km2, 3.2km2, and 5.3 km2, estimate the catchment average rainfall depth and the total volume of water from this rainfall event. b) Based on the data, sketch 5mm, 10mm, 15mm,20mm isohyets apporixmately. B
Tutorial 4 Question 1 Based on the given annual rainfall data and the Weibull distribution, 1. develop and plot the relationship between annual rainfall and the frequency, 2. calculate the rainfall intensity with a 10-years return period, 3. calculate the exceedance probability of an event of 125 mm and 4. estimate the design rainfall for a 100-years return period. Year 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 P (mm) 70 121 92 66 74 95 06 91 90 90 | 82 96 Year 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 P (mm) 110 115 100 88 80 87 80 72 103 99 97 98
Question Three (3a) In a catchment area, four rain gauge stations namely Station A, B, C and D are installed for recording rainfall data. The normal annual rainfall of these four stations is 78, 63, 73.5 and 90 cm, respectively. The rain gauge station A does not have the annual rainfall observation for one year during total length of record, because of disorder of the rain gauge. Calculate the missing value of rainfall data of rain gauge station A, if the annual rainfall recorded at other three stations for that particular year was 88, 70.5 and 78 cm at B, C and D, respectively. Take the variation in normal rainfall data to be more than 15% at all the four rain gauge stations. (3b) State and explain the four types of geological formations of groundwater 1
1. In the previous exercise, you perform DMC to correct the data in Station X. Table below is the raw data from the previous exercise. 2. Using the corrected data for station X, estimate the missing rainfall data in station X for the year 2010 and 2015. Average January Precipitation from 6 nearby Station with the same climatic condition, mm 34.36 January Precipitation at Station X, mm Year 1997 35.01 1998 42.50 41.50 1999 25.87 30.30 2000 40.60 39.04 2001 40.61 37.80 2002 40.06 43.50 2003 33.02 30.20 2004 34.19 36.40 2005 36.75 40.64 2006 37.58 40.40 2007 36.87 27.25 2008 29.91 21.50 31.04 2009 39.23 2010 30.01 2011 28.02 20.40 2012 31.97 23.31 2013 31.51 23.01 2014 33.38 24.20 2015 31.20 2016 32.00 25.10 2017 30.21 22.50 2018 27.39 20.40
In a catchment, there are four rain-gauge stations, P, Q, R, and S. Normal annual precipitation values at these stations are 780 mm, 850 mm, 920 mm and 980 mm respectively. In the year 2013, stations Q, R, and S, were operative but P was not. Using the normal ratio method, the precipitation at station P for the year 2013 has been established as 860 mm. If the observed precipitation at station Q and R for the year 2013 were 930 mm and 1010 mm, respectively; what was the observed precipitation (in mm) at station S for that year?

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