Moist unit weight of soil, gamma = 105 pcf Saturated unit weight of soil, gammasat = 117 pcf Cohesion of soil, c = 0 psf The factor of safety, FS = 4 The internal friction angle of soil is 35 degrees B = 3 ft, Dr = 5 ft, h = 3 ft A square footing is shown below. Determine the followings: Unit weight of soil y Groundwater table Yat 1. Ultimate bearing capacity, qu = psf 2. Allowable bearing capacity, qa = psf

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Fluid Materials

In general terms, anything that flows can be termed as a fluid. In other words, a fluid is any substance that cannot resist shear forces and deforms continuously under the application of external shear forces. Fluid materials differ completely from solid materials such as metals and alloys. For instance, if we consider two infinitesimally small cross-sectional areas of fluid materials and solid materials, and apply shear forces to these elements, both the elements will undergo deformation. Upon releasing the shear force, the element of the solid materials will regain its original orientation, but the element of the fluid materials will keep on deforming continuously under the action of the shear force.