(Modeling) Braking Distance If aerodynamic resistance is ignored, the braking dis- tance D (in feet) for an automobile to change its velocity from Vị to V½ (feet per second) can be modeled using the following equation. 1.05(V,2 – V,2) %3D 64.4(K + K2 + sin 0) K is a constant determined by the efficiency of the brakes and tires, K is a constant determined by the rolling resistance of the automobile, and 0 is the grade of the highway. (Source: Mannering, F. and W. Kilareski, Principles of Highway Engineering and Traffic Analysis, Second Edition, John Wiley and Sons.) 85. Compute the number of feet, to the nearest unit, required to slow a car from 55 mph to 30 mph while traveling uphill with a grade of 0 = 3.5°. Let K = 0.4 and K, = 0.02. (Hint: Change miles per hour to feet per second.) %3D

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Conservation of Energy

In physics, the rule of the conservation of energy states that energy doesn’t disappear from the atmosphere; instead, it changes its form from one type to another. Energy is one of the most important physical quantities in nature, and it cannot be created or destroyed — only transformed.