mitochondria definition

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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mitochondria definition 

 

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Step 1 Mitochondria are self replicating and have two membranes.

They have their own DNA which is similar to bacterial DNA. They have ribosomes, enzymes and transport systems which are similar to those in bacteria. They produce energy in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate). They are also involved in the storage of calcium, heat generation. They can be spherical/cylindrical or branched. It has an inner and an outer membrane separated by an intermembrane space. The matrix of the mitochondria has double stranded DNA which is mostly circular. It mostly shows maternal inheritance because the paternal mitochondria are destroyed by the enzymes in the egg on fertilization.

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