Medication used to treat a certain condition is administered by syringe. The target dose in a particular application is 10 milligrams. Because of the variations in the syringe, in reading the scale and in mixing the fluid suspension, the actual dose administered is normally distributed with mean ? = 10 milligrams and standard deviation ? = 1.6 milligrams. If a clinical overdose is defined as a dose larger than 14 milligrams, what is the probability that a patient will receive an overdose?
Continuous Probability Distributions
Probability distributions are of two types, which are continuous probability distributions and discrete probability distributions. A continuous probability distribution contains an infinite number of values. For example, if time is infinite: you could count from 0 to a trillion seconds, billion seconds, so on indefinitely. A discrete probability distribution consists of only a countable set of possible values.
Normal Distribution
Suppose we had to design a bathroom weighing scale, how would we decide what should be the range of the weighing machine? Would we take the highest recorded human weight in history and use that as the upper limit for our weighing scale? This may not be a great idea as the sensitivity of the scale would get reduced if the range is too large. At the same time, if we keep the upper limit too low, it may not be usable for a large percentage of the population!
Medication used to treat a certain condition is administered by syringe. The target dose in a particular application is 10 milligrams. Because of the variations in the syringe, in reading the scale and in mixing the fluid suspension, the actual dose administered is
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