Privacy Preserving Online Voting SystemRecently, several controversies have been observed in voting around the world. Even electronic voting can bemanipulated1. In an electronic voting system, the voting authority cannot be trusted completely as it can bebiased. Using a privacy-preserving online voting system removes controversy in the voting system. In thisprivacy-preserving online voting system, voters encrypt their votes in the voting booth before sending them tothe voting authority. A voting server records each encrypted vote and determines the voting result on behalfof the voting booth as the voting booth does not have enough computation power. The encrypted result issent to the voting authority, which determines the winner based on encrypted votes. The homomorphicproperty of the Paillier Cryptosystem allows the addition of encrypted numbers. Therefore, the PaillierCryptosystem can be used in developing a privacy-preserving online voting application.In this task, you need to design a privacy preserving online voting system as shown in Figure-1 using the Pailliercryptosystem. Suppose that a group of students want to elect their club president.Your designed privacy-preserving voting application must fulfil the following requirements:• Votes must be encrypted from Voting Booth using Paillier Cryptosystem before sending them to theVoting Server.• A vote is an integer number which should be equivalent to a 12-bit binary string.• The number of candidates should be three. For example, ALICE, BOB, and EVE.• The number of voters can be maximum 16.• Assume that four voters will vote for ALICE, two voters will vote for BOB, and two voters will vote forEVE. after counting the votes, the Voting Authority (VA) should find four votes for Alice, two votes forBOB, and two votes for EVE.• The Voting Authority chooses p=157, q=127 and select g=8821.• The private numbers chosen by 8 voters and their votes are as follows:VoterVoter's Private Number, rVote forVoting message, mNo.91ALICE000000000001 = 1292ALICE000000000001 = 193ALICE000000000001 = 1494ALICE000000000001 = 195BOB000000010000 = 166.96BOB000000010000 = 16000100000000 = 256000100000000 = 2567.97EVE898EVEThe Voting Authority sets up required public and private keys and makes the public-keys to all votingbooth before the vote starts. Voting Server (VS)CandidatesALICEвовEVEComputes 6e. tales)encrypted volesSends encrypted final resülto VAVoting Authority (VA)Voting Booth (VB)• Collects votes• Encrypts votes withPublic key of VA• Sends encryptedvotes to VSGenerates Public andPrivate keyaSends public key to VR,• Stores private key todecrypt final resulFigure-1: Privacy-preserving voting systemShow detail step-by-step computations of the key generation, encryption, homomorphic computations, anddecryption processes for votes of 8 voters.

here, In the solution in it to the given problem I have written the following steps: 1. Public Key…

manipulated1. In an electronic voting system, the voting authority cannot be trusted completel biased. Using a privacy-preserving online voting system removes controversy in the voting sy prívacy-preserving online voting system, voters encrypt their votes in the voting booth before ser the voting authority. A voting server records each encrypted vote and determines the voting res of the voting booth as the voting booth does not have enough computation power. The encry sent to the voting authority, which determines the winner based on encrypted votes. The h property of the Paillier Cryptosystem allows the addition of encrypted numbers. Therefore Cryptosystem can be used in developing a privacy-preserving online voting application.

manipulated1. In an electronic voting system, the voting authority cannot be trusted completel biased. Using a privacy-preserving online voting system removes controversy in the voting sy prívacy-preserving online voting system, voters encrypt their votes in the voting booth before ser the voting authority. A voting server records each encrypted vote and determines the voting res of the voting booth as the voting booth does not have enough computation power. The encry sent to the voting authority, which determines the winner based on encrypted votes. The h property of the Paillier Cryptosystem allows the addition of encrypted numbers. Therefore Cryptosystem can be used in developing a privacy-preserving online voting application.

Database System Concepts

7th Edition

ISBN:9780078022159

Author:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan

Publisher:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan

Chapter1: Introduction

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1PE

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Question

Privacy Preserving Online Voting System
Recently, several controversies have been observed in voting around the world. Even electronic voting can be
manipulated1. In an electronic voting system, the voting authority cannot be trusted completely as it can be
biased. Using a privacy-preserving online voting system removes controversy in the voting system. In this
privacy-preserving online voting system, voters encrypt their votes in the voting booth before sending them to
the voting authority. A voting server records each encrypted vote and determines the voting result on behalf
of the voting booth as the voting booth does not have enough computation power. The encrypted result is
sent to the voting authority, which determines the winner based on encrypted votes. The homomorphic
property of the Paillier Cryptosystem allows the addition of encrypted numbers. Therefore, the Paillier
Cryptosystem can be used in developing a privacy-preserving online voting application.
In this task, you need to design a privacy preserving online voting system as shown in Figure-1 using the Paillier
cryptosystem. Suppose that a group of students want to elect their club president.
Your designed privacy-preserving voting application must fulfil the following requirements:
• Votes must be encrypted from Voting Booth using Paillier Cryptosystem before sending them to the
Voting Server.
• A vote is an integer number which should be equivalent to a 12-bit binary string.
• The number of candidates should be three. For example, ALICE, BOB, and EVE.
• The number of voters can be maximum 16.
• Assume that four voters will vote for ALICE, two voters will vote for BOB, and two voters will vote for
EVE. after counting the votes, the Voting Authority (VA) should find four votes for Alice, two votes for
BOB, and two votes for EVE.
• The Voting Authority chooses p=157, q=127 and select g=8821.
• The private numbers chosen by 8 voters and their votes are as follows:
Voter
Voter's Private Number, r
Vote for
Voting message, m
No.
91
ALICE
000000000001 = 1
2
92
ALICE
000000000001 = 1
93
ALICE
000000000001 = 1
4
94
ALICE
000000000001 = 1
95
BOB
000000010000 = 16
6.
96
BOB
000000010000 = 16
000100000000 = 256
000100000000 = 256
7.
97
EVE
8
98
EVE
The Voting Authority sets up required public and private keys and makes the public-keys to all voting
booth before the vote starts.

Voting Server (VS)
Candidates
ALICE
вов
EVE
Computes 6e. tales)
encrypted voles
Sends encrypted final resül
to VA
Voting Authority (VA)
Voting Booth (VB)
• Collects votes
• Encrypts votes with
Public key of VA
• Sends encrypted
votes to VS
Generates Public and
Private keya
Sends public key to VR,
• Stores private key to
decrypt final resul
Figure-1: Privacy-preserving voting system
Show detail step-by-step computations of the key generation, encryption, homomorphic computations, and
decryption processes for votes of 8 voters.

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