Malaria is caused by four species of Plasmodium. There are two distinct stages of a malarial infection, an asexual cycle and a sexual cycle. Summarize the key stages in the development and transmission of a malarial infection.
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Malaria is caused by four species of Plasmodium. There are two distinct stages of a malarial infection, an asexual cycle and a sexual cycle. Summarize the key stages in the development and transmission of a malarial infection.
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- One of the most characteristic symptoms of malaria is the alternation of attacks (involving a cold phase, a hot phase, and a sweating phase) with periods of 1 or 2 days of no or few fevers. Given the life cycle of Plasmodium what is the best explanation for this pattern: When free in the blood, merozoites release chemicals that directly cause body responses. Merozoites appear in coordinated “waves”, which explains the cycling attacks Merozoites entering the red blood cells generate a strong response from the red blood cells, which stimulates a massive immune response Attack phase correlates with simultaneous bursting of infected red blood cells, releasing thousands or millions of merozoites. This triggers massive immune response, resulting in symptoms Plasmodium generates a constant accumulation of irritants in the blood, mostly residues from digesting hemoglobin . Once the amount reaches a critical level, these trigger a massive immune responseAccording to the recent malaria report of the Department of Health, Disease and Prevention Bureau (2022), there are 4, 251 confirmed cases of malaria in the Philippines and majority of the cases are due to Plasmodium falciparum. P. falciparum life cycle includes gametocytes that will aid the parasite to reproduce sexually in its anopheline vectors. Examine Figure 2 below. Provide three (3) qualitative descriptions of the P. falciparum gametocyte. Write your answers in a complete sentence. Fig. 2.. Plasmodium falciparum gametocyte in thin blood smear (CDC, 2022)vivax is one of several malaria-causing Plasmodium species that form hypnozoites in the liver, which can remain dormant for weeks or months. How do these hypnozoites impact the prognosis of malaria caused by P. vivax?
- Explain how each of the following could lead to the reemergence of malaria in the United States: (a) global warming, (b) increased travel of individuals from endemic regions to the United States, (c) increased immigration of individuals from endemic regions to the United States, and (d) laws protecting wetlands. Please simple to understand and original answer. Thanks :)Write at least one paragraph about the prevention and control of the following parasites: EXAMPLE: Entamoeba histolytica (fecal-oral route of transmission). Plasmodium spp. (transmitted by vector bite). Enterovirus vermicularis (fecal-oral route and autoinfection) Schistosoma haematobium (Skin penetration after water contact) Taenia seginata (ingestion of contaminated food) Ancylostoma duodenale (skin contact with soil)Describe the stages of the Plasmodium life cycle within the human host, including the inoculation through the bite of infected mosquitoes, the replication of parasites within hepatocytes, and the subsequent invasion of red blood cells. Explain how these lead to symptomatic disease. Discuss the cont
- Plasmodium is the most deadly parasite globally. There are nearly 250 million new cases of malaria diagnosed each year. Discuss at least two mechanisms that this parasite uses within its host(s) to persist, manipulate, and/or propogate.Describe the malaria is and where it is prevalent- in what areas of the globe and in what habitats?( find the source that support the information)Name the parasite causing malaria.
- Assuming you have been posted to a community where malaria is very endemic. There is a high rate of absenteeism among your students due to incidents of malaria. As part of your community engagement explain how you would educate on malaria prevention taking the following into consideration:a) Name of the vector and the species of the parasite that cause the diseases in Africa; b) Two chemical and two biological ways of reducing the population of mosquitoes; c) Two in-house measures to prevent mosquitoes bite;d) The stages in the life cycle of the mosquito;e) The names of three African countries that participated in the trial of malarial vaccine.Explain why only female mosquitoes are involved in malaria and elephantiasis.Name the pathogen which causes malignant malaria.