Lytic cycle Lysogenic cycle Phage DNA Bacterlophage Bacterial chromosome New phages can bind to Phage Injects Its DNA Into cytoplasm. On rare occasions, a prophage may be excised from host bacterial cells. chromosome. Phage DNA directs the synthesis of many new phages. Host DNA Is digested Into fragments. Phage DNA Cell lyses and releases Prophage DNA Integrates Into host is copled when cells divide. the new phages. chromosome. Prophage Fragment of bacterial chromosome

Q: Define transfection.

A: A mutation is a change or alteration in the nucleotide sequence of the genome of any organism.…

Q: Can phages kill humans?

A: Phage is defined as a virus that infects bacteria and replicates within it using the host cellular…

Q: How do bacteriophages benefit and harm human hosts?

A: Viruses are the obligate intracellular parasite. They always hijack the host cell machinery and they…

Q: What is SCID?

A: The immune system of the body fights against foreign invaders and protect the body from infections.…

Q: Which of the following is not a form of reproduction? a) Vertical gene transfer b)Horizontal gene…

A: Reproduction means to reproduce. It is a biological process by which an organism reproduces an…

Q: What evidence supports the endosymbiotic theory?

A: The endosymbiotic theory or symbiogenesis is defined as an evolutionary theory that explains the…

Q: In what major way does transcription of phage DNA differ inphages T4 and T7?

A: The central dogma of the protein synthesis process involves transcription and translation.…

Q: How do Bacteria replicate (include diagram)?

A: Bacterial replication with diagram

Q: How are disease bacteria transmitted?

A: Step 1 Infective disease agents are a wide range of organisms – bacteria, viruses, protozoans,…

Q: How does a transducing particle differ from an infectiousbacteriophage?

A: Bacteriophages are beneficial viruses that infect bacterial cells and lysed them or killed them.…

Q: What is the function of a virion?

A: A virion is a full virus particle.

Q: What tools are used to transfer bacteria

A: Ans - An inoculation loop is used to transfer bacteria for microbiological culture. Petri dish.…

Q: The most likely checkpoint to be 'ignored' by malignant cells is the _____     a)  G2/M checkpoint…

A: In cell division there are 3 checkpoints-  G1/S checkpoint G2/M checkpoint & Spindle check…

Q: What is a Euglena gracilis cell?

A: A cell is the basic structural and functional key of life. A cell has multiple organelles that carry…

Q: How do prions propagate

A: Prions are abnormal pathogenic substances that can cause improper folding of some normal cellular…

Q: What type of adaptation are the Shigella bacteria exhibiting?

A: Shigella are gram-negative, nonmotile, pathogenic bacteria that resembles E.coli and it has…

Q: S. aureus is gram positive. What differences in strains might account for differences in phage…

A: Bacteria are microscopic single-celled organisms that thrive in diverse environmental conditions.…

Q: How will you know if a disease-causing bacterium in plants is motile or non-motile?

A: Asked : Process to know if a disease-causing bacterium in plants is motile or non-motile.

Q: What do you mean by pinocytic reproduction?

A: The structure of viruses allows them to succeed in their main mission, i.e. reproduction. It is of…

Q: What step is necessary prior to inserting a new peptidoglycan subunit into a growing cell wall?

A: A majority of the Bacteria domains contain a semi-rigid cell wall called Peptidoglycan. It is a…

Q: How are temperate phages replicated?

A: The virus that infects the bacteria and replicates within them are called bacteriophage. The virus…

Q: Is protein or DNA the genetic material of phage T2?

A: Phages are the viruses that infect bacteria. They do so by injecting their genetic material in…

Q: Briefly, explain specialized transduction and conjugation.

A: Transduction: It is the process by which foreign DNA is introduced into a cell by a virus or viral…

Q: What is a spore print?

A: The spores of mushrooms are tiny and are only visible under a microscope. In a mature mushroom,…

Q: What is anneal ?

A: DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid. It is the genetic material of the organisms that transfer from…

Q: How can a protein, which cannot replicate itself, be a transmissible pathogen?

A: A pathogen is an organic entity that causes infection. Your body is normally brimming with…

Q: What are bacterial plasmids ?

A: Cloning is one process involved in gene manipulation and recombinant DNA technology.

Virus

Viruses are infectious microscopic agents that can only reproduce in live cells of animals, plants, or microbes and are smaller than bacteria. Vertebrates, invertebrates, plants, protists, and fungi are among their many hosts. Viruses are unable to multiply on their own due to the lack of necessary cellular machinery, but they can guide the cell machinery of a host to make additional viruses by infection. The virus enters and attaches to a particular host cell, injects its genetic material, and reproduces by using the host’s genetic material. Viruses cause infection by taking entry into the host cell and using the host cell’s enzymes and raw materials to multiply.