Light from the sun passes through the top of Earth’s atmosphere and is deflected by an angle theta. What is the numerical value of in degrees? Is it at least as large as the angle required to deflect sunlight hitting the top of the earth’s atmosphere onto the moon?
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- = In the figure, initially unpolarized light is sent into a system of three polarizing sheets whose polarizing directions make angles of 01: 33°, 02 = 25°, and 03 = 49° with the direction of the y axis. What percentage of the light's initial intensity is transmitted by the system? Number Units >3. Electromagnetic waves from a radio station pass through an open window of a house. The square window has side length 0.75 m and the waves pass through perpendicular to the window's area. The electric field is measured at the window and found to be 0.02 V/m. In air, we can use the vacuum permeability = 4 x 10-7 H/m. (i) What is the magnitude of the Poynting vector, S, for the radio waves passing through the window? (ii) How much energy do the radio waves carry through the window during a 2-minute-long broadcast of BBC Radio 4's shipping forecast? [Hint: think of the units of S [units = (J/s)/m²] and Energy [units = J].8. Three polarizing disks whose planes are parallel and centered on common axis. The directions of their transmission axes relative to the vertical are respectively: 01 = 17°, 02 = 45°, and 03 = 55°. A beam of light polarized along the vertical is incident onto the first polarizer with an intensity of Io = 14 W/m2. Calculate the transmitted intensity through all three polarizers. W/m2 of19 00 of1 9 oor19
- Unpolarized light passes through a single polarizer. Of the 100% of the light that made it through the first polarizer, how much will make it through... another polarizer, angled 30° to the first one, and then yet another polarizer, angled a further 30°. a vacuum. another polarizer, angled 30° to the first one. another polarizer, angled 90° to the first one. another polarizer, angled 45° to the first one. another polarizer, angled 45° to the first one, and then yet another polarizer, angled a further 45°. 1. 100% 2. 75% 3. 66.67% 4. 56.25% 5. 50% 6. 33.33% 7. 25% 8. 12.5% 9. 0%3. A beam of light passes through a polarizer and then an analyzer. In this process, the intensity of the light transmitted is reduced to 10% of the intensity of the intensity incident on the analyzer. What is the angle between the axes of the polarizer and the analyzer?a. 18°b. 22°c. 32°d. 68°e. 72°Vertically polarized light of intensity lo is incident on a polarizer whose transmission axis is at an angle of 70° with the vertical. If the intensity of the transmitted light is measured to be 0.34W/m², the intensity lo of the incident light is O 1.71 W/m2 O 0.99 W/m² O 0.43 W/m2 O 2.91 W/m²
- 6. In a polarizer-analyzer combination, 90.0% of the light intensity falling on the analyzer is absorbed. Determine the angle between the transmission axes of the polarizer and analyzer.Light passes through two different polarizers. The first is aligned vertically, while the second is aligned horizontally. How much light makes it through the two polarizers?** 46. How much unpolarized light gets through a polarizer? Unpolarized light is as likely to have its polarization vector in one direction as another. Therefore, on average, the up-down component of the polarization vector for unpolarized light will be the same as the right- left component. These equal components in two perpendicular directions are in the same relationship as the E-field components when polarized light hits a polarizer with its polariza- tion vector at 45° to the optic axis. We can use this connection to find out what fraction of the energy in an incident unpolarized beam makes it through the polarizer as polarized light. a) If an electric field vector of a polarized light beam is 45° to the optic axis of the polar- izer, find the ratio between the magnitude of the electric field vector that passes through the polarizer and the magnitude of an incident polarized electric field vector. This will be the same as the ratio of the magnitude of the electric field of the…