Life originated on Earth so long ago that erosion and weathering and metamorphosis of rock have destroyed most traces of the processes that occurred, but oxygen is an interesting exception. What is the source of all the oxygen in our atmosphere? What happened to the first oxygen to be produced? Why was this important to the survival of all other life forms?

Q: 1.For a storm surge hazard, which is more important to minimize, a building’s exposure or its vulner...

A: Note We’ll answer the first question since the exact one wasn’t specified. Please submit a new quest...

Q: What events help define geologic time scale?

A: The official geologic period dates back to the beginning of the Archean Eon (4.0 billion to 2.5 mill...

Q: Why are humic substances and humus no longer viewed as being representative of organic compounds in ...

A:  Although humus and humic acid are a derivative from plants and are processed and transformed primar...

Q: Illustrate with an example that geology strongly depends on other basic scientific disciplines (e.g....

A: Geology is the science of the Earth. It is the study of the Earth and the various processes operatin...

Q: In geological cross-section without scale given below; a)Between what rock units is there a mismatch...

A: a) The mismatch occurred between C and E rock units. That is in between the Limestone beds of C and ...

Q: Two capacitors, of capacitance 2.0µF and 4.0µF respectively, are each given a charge of 120µC.The po...

A: Given: Capacitance of capacitors are: C1=2.0 μF=2×10-6 F C2=4.0 μF=4×10-6 F Charge given to each cap...

Q: 5. What change will a pebble usually undergo when it is transported a great distance by streams? A) ...

A: A Pebble is a sedimentary grain of rock size ranging from 4 to 64 mm. Pebbles of various rocks are t...

Q: C. Directions: Loop the phrase considered as the evidence that supports the seafloor is continuously...

A: Sea-Floor spreading is the theory that evident Plate tectonics. It was given by a Scientist named Ha...

Q: when sediment forms what happens first the rock is heated until it’s 700•c to 1300•c or part or all ...

A: There are different stages of rock cycle. Originally, the molten hot magma/lava cools and solidifies...

Q: What is your latitude if, on March 21, you observe the noon Sun to the north at an angle of 18 degre...

A: The radiation emanating from the sun is named insolation. It consists of short wave radiation which ...

Q: Q3/ Where did the elements that make up the Earth come from?

A: Earth's mass is approximately 5.98×1024. The Earth is composed of many elements. A total of 118 elem...

Q: Scientists hypothesize that some southern sea otters might be dying because coastal area cat owners ...

A: Sea otters are marine mammals that belong to the weasel family. Due to harmful environmental and eco...

Q: Activity A. Directions: Identify the geologic area and the respective type metamorphism that occur i...

A: Metamorphism is alteration or change in minerals or geological texture of pre-existing rock in a sol...

Q: About how long does it take a net forcing of 2 Wm-2 to raise the average temperature of the top 100 ...

A: Heat capacity of the ocean, Co = Specific heat of ocean for some depth In equation form, Co=ρw.Cw.dw...

Q: Describe the main erosional processes of each of the following:-a). Wind erosion b). Sea erosion c)....

A: Erosion is a natural geologic phenomenon where the materials from the Earth are worn down and transp...

Q: (a.) Describe an experiment to investigate how the intensity of gamma rays varies with distance from...

A: The gamma ray radiation follows the inverse square law according to which the intensity of the radia...

Q: What is the measure of the tilt of Earth’s axis ?

A: The earth axis is tilted at nearly 23.5° from the vertical. The tilt of the earth axis determined in...

Q: While on a field excursion you encounter a tabular pegmatite oriented 342°, 71° NE with an ore shoot...

A: The given problem can be solved using a stereographical projection of the available field data on a ...

Q: QUESTION 4 Read the following Statement: A common cement during this process is the mineral calcite....

A: The materials on the earth surface are altering from one type to another and the including phenomena...

Q: What shows that there will be possible future eruption in an area extinct volcano

A: An extinct volcano is defined as a dead volcano, it has not erupted in the last 10,000 years and it ...

Q: The following is a map of the continental United States. Four areas are labe A, B, C, and D. C B D W...

A: Hurricanes are one of the powerful natural disasters that occur on the earth.   In U.S, hurricanes d...

Q: A. Direction: Identify the following types of stress on the following statements. Write T if it pert...

A: In stress, we deal with the area or surface on which various forces are acting. In stress, there has...

Q: What process in the environment can you infer from their characteristics

A: Rocks reflect the environment in which they developed. Each rock undergoes a particular process that...

Q: Why do earthquakes occur

A: Earthquakes generally occur as a sudden distraction of underground rock along a fault. There is a su...

Q: The Earth has more rotational kinetic energy now than did the cloud of gas and dust from which it fo...

A: rotational kinetic energy is a type of kinetic energy produced to a circular motion or rotation of a...

Q: Activity A. Directions: Identify the geologic area and the respective type metamorphism that occur i...

A: Metamorphism is alteration or change in minerals or geological texture of pre-existing rock in a sol...

Q: How can you say that land formations both on land and underwater had existed due to the movement of ...

A: The theory of plate tectonics includes a worldwide arrangement of moving lithospheric plates. A plat...

Q: 5. The figure below shows the solar insolation at the top of the atmosphere and at the earth's surfa...

A: Solar insolation is the total amount of solar radiation incident on a flat surface. Latitude, season...

Q: Given the star trails shown below, what is the observer's latitude on Earth? 0° 60°N 75°N 36°N 90°N ...

A: Star are usually stationary in position but they seem to move or change position. this appearance of...

Q: Directions: Upon knowing that the plates of the earth are continuously but slowly moving, how do you...

A: Plate Tectonics is the theory that explains the movement of lithospheric plates over the asthenosphe...

Q: What are the four common bedding structures of stratified rocks?

A: When sediments are deposited in layers one over the other, they form bedding structures. They can ra...

Q: The diagram below illustrates the results of plate motion. Which description best explains the resul...

A: The outer layer of Earth is broken into multiple pieces called plates. The plates are in continuous ...

Q: The circumference of Earth at the equator is 24,900 miles. Calculate how fast someone at the equator...

A: Natural and artificial satellites revolve around the Earth. The natural satellite of the Earth is th...

Q: The government mandates that 15% of your home's energy are from renewables. what do you do?

A: Renewable energy is produced from natural resources, such as solar, wind, biomass, and water. And th...

Q: when do greenhouse gases cause global warning ?

A: The earth's surface temperature is maintained by a complex mechanism relating to solar radiation's i...

Q: What are the features of seafloor? Who proved that the seafloor is spreading? Where does seafloor sp...

A: The theory of continental drift was supported by the seafloor spreading observation. This observatio...

Q: Given the star trails shown below, what is the observer's latitude on Earth?

A: Star are usually stationary in position but they seem to move or change position. this appearance of...

Q: state what would happen to the average summer and winter temperatures in new york if the tilt of ear...

A: Earth is always tilted 23.5o on its axis and this is the main reason for seasons.  During the Northe...

Q: What are the three basic components of a modern astronomical instrument? Describe each in one to two...

A: Astronomical instruments are the instruments used for observing and studying the outer space and the...

Q: On average, would Earth be warmer or cooler without the atmosphere? Explain your answer.

A: The Earth is the third planet in the solar system. Earth can sustain life because of the availabilit...

Q: If Earth was not tilted on its axis, how would it affect the seasonality of rainfall at the equator?

A: The earth tilted nearly 23.5° on its axis from the vertical. The seasons are produced by switching i...

Q: What happens when the waves approach the coast?

A: Waves are created by wind actions. The height of the wave depends on three factors: greater the wind...

Q: A farmer desires to irrigate a border which is 12 meters wide and 150 meters long. He wants to app...

A: The required amount of water for irrigation is equal to the volume of the border. V=12 m150 m751000m...

Q: How is a modern submarine able to adjust its buoyancy so that it can either float or sink? Use Archi...

A: According to Archimedes principle, any object when placed on water, displaces a volume of water havi...

Q: Compare and contrast Air pollution and fossil fuels environmental issue

A: Air pollution is defined as the deterioration in the air quality by the addition of contaminants or ...

Q: Activity A. Directions: Identify the geologic area and the respective type metamorphism that occur i...

A: Metamorphism is the variation of the geologic texture of pre-existing rocks mainly due to the effect...

Q: Which two elements are the most common in the Universe? a). Siliconb). Heliumc). Carbond). Hydrogene...

A: The Universe is inclusive of all the space, time and their contents including the galaxies, planets ...

Q: over how many years did the change shown in tge maps occur

A: From the maps shown above in the figure, the change should be in 30 years. That is from the year 199...

Q: What did you learn about the channel on Mars from the new NASA data?

A: Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun and the second-smallest planet in the Solar System. In Englis...

Q: Eludicate the use of solar energy in agricultural practices.

A: The sun is the ultimate energy source that drives all the processes acting on the earth’s surface. L...