Let x be a random variable that represents the pH of arterial plasma (i.e., acidity of the blood). For healthy adults, the mean of the x distribution is u- 7.4.t A new drug for arthritis has been developed. However, it is thought that this drug may change blood pH. A random sample of 36 patients with arthritis took the drug for 3 months. Blood tests showed that x = 8.6 with sample standard deviation s = 3.5. Use a 5% level of significance to test the claim that the drug has changed (either way) the mean pH level of the blood. n USE SALT (a) What is the level of significance? State the null and alternate hypotheses. O Ho: H> 7.4; H,: H- 7.4 O Ho: H = 7.4; H,: u < 7.4 O Ho: H = 7.4; H,: H* 7.4 O Ho: H = 7.4; H,: u > 7.4 O Ho: H * 7.4; H,: u = 7.4 (b) What sampling distribution will you use? Explain the rationale for your choice of sampling distribution. O The Student's t, since the sample size is large and o is known. O The Student's t, since the sample size is large and a is unknown. O The standard normal, since the sample size is large and o is known. O The standard normal, since the sample size is large and a is unknown. What is the value of the sample test statistic? (Round your answer to three decimal places.) (c) Estimate the P-value. O P-value > 0.150 O 0.100 < P-value < 0.150 O 0.050 < P-value < 0.100 O 0.020 < P-value < 0.050 O P-value < 0.020

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Estimation

A new framework of data analysis where the new statistical methods are used for interpreting the results and analyzing the data is known as estimation in statistics.