Let V R. For u, v E V and a ER = - define vector addition by uv := u + v − 3 and scalar multiplication by au := au 3a + 3. It can be shown that (V, E, O) is a vector space over the scalar field R. Find the following: the sum: -8-4 = = the scalar multiple: -5-8 = the zero vector: Ov - = 8x the additive inverse of x: =

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