Let A be a nilpotent matrix . Prove that there is an orthogonal matrix Q such that QT AQ is upper triangular with zeros on its diagonal.

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ISBN:9780470458365
Author:Erwin Kreyszig
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Let A be a nilpotent matrix . Prove that there is an orthogonal matrix Q such that QT AQ is upper triangular with zeros on its diagonal.

Expert Solution
Step 1: To prove:

There is an orthogonal matrix Q such that Q to the power of T A Q is upper triangular with zeros on its diagonal, where A is a nilpotent matrix.

Step 2: Proof:

As A is a nilpotent matrix which means all its eigenvalues are zero.

Therefore, by Schur’s Triangularization Theorem, there exists an orthogonal matrix Q and a triangular matrix U such that

Q to the power of T A Q equals U

Because all the eigenvalues of A are zero it implies U must have all zeros along its main diagonal.

Hence proved.

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