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Learning Objectives: 1. Present and discuss Charles' Law 2. Show mathematically the relationship between volume (V) and temperature (T) at constant pressure of a gas. 3. Apply Charles' Law in solving real ife problems related to the V-T relationship in gases.

Learning Objectives: 1. Present and discuss Charles' Law 2. Show mathematically the relationship between volume (V) and temperature (T) at constant pressure of a gas. 3. Apply Charles' Law in solving real ife problems related to the V-T relationship in gases.

Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Learning Objectives: 1. Present and discuss Charles' Law 2. Show mathematically the relationship between volume (V) and temperature (T) at constant pressure of a gas. 3. Apply Charles' Law in solving real life problems related to the V-T relationship in gases. Let Us Discover In this Learning Activity Sheet (LAS), you will learn about how gases behave in different conditions using the assumptions in Kinetic Molecular Theory. You will leam the relationships between volume, temperature, and pressure using Charles' Law. CHARLES' LAW Have you tried releasing a sky lantern on occasion? How does it work? Sky lanterns are small hot air balloons used on special celebrations. It works on the concept of volume- temperature relationship. The flame below the sky lantern, warms up and expands the air inside it, causing it to become less dense, float up and stay airborne until the flame is extinguished. The volume-temperature relationship in gases such as air, was studied by Jacques Charles through a series of experiments in 1787. In his experiments, he found out that volume of trapped gases varies directly with temperature. In generalization, Charles' Law states that at constant pressure, the volume (V) of gas is directiy proportional to the Kelvin of temperature (T). Mathematically, the law is expressed as Va T. Removing the proportionality symbol (a) and replace with equality sign (=) with a constant (k), the equation will be: V- KT or where: V is the volume, Tis the temperature in Kelvin GSC-CID-LRMS-ESSLM, v.r. 02.00, Effective April 21, 2021 If the volume- temperature ratios are the same in the initial and final condition, Vr. then you will arrive at k (initial) = k (final), where: k (initial), T and k (final), V,and the V V. final equation is = V, or (Vi)+ (T;) – (V;)+ (T:) or V, x Tr-V: x T. Let Us Try Let us explore Charles' Law through this simple experiment. In this experiment, you will be able to determine how volume and temperature at constant pressure are related. Activity 1: Oh! It's MAGICI Procedure: 1. Prepare these materials: 1 pc ice wrapper, rubbing alcohol, 2 paper cups and some hot and iced water. 2. Get the ice wrapper, spray a little amount of alcohol inside, inflate and tie its opening to trap the air in it. Set aside. 3. Next, fill the first cup with hot water and the second cup with iced water. Place the two cups on a plane surface/table. 4. Observe what will happen to the inflated ice wrapper as you place it over the cup of iced water for a minute. Record your observation in the table below. 5. Then observe what will happen to the inflated ice wrapper as you remove it over the cup of iced water and then place it over the cup of hot water for a minute. Record your observation in the table below. Condition Temperature of Water Volume of the Wrapper (High or Low) (Increase/decrease) Cold Water Hot Water Guide Questions: 1. Based on your observation, how is the volume of the trapped air inside the ice wrapper affected by the change in temperature of the water (Generalization)? 2. Recall your previous lesson. How would you describe the kinetic energy of the air molecules when it is subjected to high temperature? to low temperature (Elaboration)? GSC-CID-LRMS-ESSLM, v.r. O2.00, Effective April 21, 2021
Transcribed Image Text:Learning Objectives: 1. Present and discuss Charles' Law 2. Show mathematically the relationship between volume (V) and temperature (T) at constant pressure of a gas. 3. Apply Charles' Law in solving real life problems related to the V-T relationship in gases. Let Us Discover In this Learning Activity Sheet (LAS), you will learn about how gases behave in different conditions using the assumptions in Kinetic Molecular Theory. You will leam the relationships between volume, temperature, and pressure using Charles' Law. CHARLES' LAW Have you tried releasing a sky lantern on occasion? How does it work? Sky lanterns are small hot air balloons used on special celebrations. It works on the concept of volume- temperature relationship. The flame below the sky lantern, warms up and expands the air inside it, causing it to become less dense, float up and stay airborne until the flame is extinguished. The volume-temperature relationship in gases such as air, was studied by Jacques Charles through a series of experiments in 1787. In his experiments, he found out that volume of trapped gases varies directly with temperature. In generalization, Charles' Law states that at constant pressure, the volume (V) of gas is directiy proportional to the Kelvin of temperature (T). Mathematically, the law is expressed as Va T. Removing the proportionality symbol (a) and replace with equality sign (=) with a constant (k), the equation will be: V- KT or where: V is the volume, Tis the temperature in Kelvin GSC-CID-LRMS-ESSLM, v.r. 02.00, Effective April 21, 2021 If the volume- temperature ratios are the same in the initial and final condition, Vr. then you will arrive at k (initial) = k (final), where: k (initial), T and k (final), V,and the V V. final equation is = V, or (Vi)+ (T;) – (V;)+ (T:) or V, x Tr-V: x T. Let Us Try Let us explore Charles' Law through this simple experiment. In this experiment, you will be able to determine how volume and temperature at constant pressure are related. Activity 1: Oh! It's MAGICI Procedure: 1. Prepare these materials: 1 pc ice wrapper, rubbing alcohol, 2 paper cups and some hot and iced water. 2. Get the ice wrapper, spray a little amount of alcohol inside, inflate and tie its opening to trap the air in it. Set aside. 3. Next, fill the first cup with hot water and the second cup with iced water. Place the two cups on a plane surface/table. 4. Observe what will happen to the inflated ice wrapper as you place it over the cup of iced water for a minute. Record your observation in the table below. 5. Then observe what will happen to the inflated ice wrapper as you remove it over the cup of iced water and then place it over the cup of hot water for a minute. Record your observation in the table below. Condition Temperature of Water Volume of the Wrapper (High or Low) (Increase/decrease) Cold Water Hot Water Guide Questions: 1. Based on your observation, how is the volume of the trapped air inside the ice wrapper affected by the change in temperature of the water (Generalization)? 2. Recall your previous lesson. How would you describe the kinetic energy of the air molecules when it is subjected to high temperature? to low temperature (Elaboration)? GSC-CID-LRMS-ESSLM, v.r. O2.00, Effective April 21, 2021
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