LEARNING ACTIVITY 4.1 Use indicated letters to transform each argument into its symbolic form. 1. If you can read this bumper sticker (r), you're too close (c). You can read the bumper sticker. Therefore, you're too close. 2. If Lois Lane marries Clark Kent (m), then Superman will get a new uniform (u). Superman does not get a new uniform. Therefore, Lois Lane did not marry Clark Kent. 3. If the price of gold rises (g), the stock market will fall (s). The price of gold did not rise. Therefore, the stock market did not fall. 4. I am going to shopping (s) or I am going to museum (m). I went to museum. Therefore, I did not go to shopping. 5. If we search in the Internet (s), we will find information on logic (i). We searched in the Internet. Therefore, we found information on logic. 6. If we check the sports results on ESPN (c), we will know who won the match (w). We know who won the match. Therefore, we checked the sports results on ESPN. 7. If the power goes off (-p), then the air conditioner will not work (-a). The air conditioner is working. Therefore, the power is not off. 8. If it snowed (s), then I did not go to my chemistry class (~c). I went to my chemistry class. Therefore, it did not snow.

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10th Edition
ISBN:9780470458365
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Publisher:Erwin Kreyszig
Chapter2: Second-order Linear Odes
Section: Chapter Questions
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Please answer asap. The given lesson is also in the photo attached
LEARNING ACTIVITY 4.1
Use indicated letters to transform each argument into its symbolic form.
1. If you can read this bumper sticker (r), you're too close (c). You can read the bumper sticker.
Therefore, you're too close.
2. If Lois Lane marries Clark Kent (m), then Superman will get a new uniform (u). Superman
does not get a new uniform. Therefore, Lois Lane did not marry Clark Kent.
3. If the price of gold rises (g), the stock market will fall (s). The price of gold did not rise.
Therefore, the stock market did not fall.
4. I am going to shopping (s) or I am going to museum (m). I went to museum. Therefore, I did
not go to shopping.
5. If we search in the Internet (s), we will find information on logic (i). We searched in the
Internet. Therefore, we found information on logic.
6. If we check the sports results on ESPN (c), we will know who won the match (w). We know
who won the match. Therefore, we checked the sports results on ESPN.
7. If the power goes off (-p), then the air conditioner will not work (-a). The air conditioner is
working. Therefore, the power is not off.
8. If it snowed (s), then I did not go to my chemistry class (~c). I went to my chemistry class.
Therefore, it did not snow.
Transcribed Image Text:LEARNING ACTIVITY 4.1 Use indicated letters to transform each argument into its symbolic form. 1. If you can read this bumper sticker (r), you're too close (c). You can read the bumper sticker. Therefore, you're too close. 2. If Lois Lane marries Clark Kent (m), then Superman will get a new uniform (u). Superman does not get a new uniform. Therefore, Lois Lane did not marry Clark Kent. 3. If the price of gold rises (g), the stock market will fall (s). The price of gold did not rise. Therefore, the stock market did not fall. 4. I am going to shopping (s) or I am going to museum (m). I went to museum. Therefore, I did not go to shopping. 5. If we search in the Internet (s), we will find information on logic (i). We searched in the Internet. Therefore, we found information on logic. 6. If we check the sports results on ESPN (c), we will know who won the match (w). We know who won the match. Therefore, we checked the sports results on ESPN. 7. If the power goes off (-p), then the air conditioner will not work (-a). The air conditioner is working. Therefore, the power is not off. 8. If it snowed (s), then I did not go to my chemistry class (~c). I went to my chemistry class. Therefore, it did not snow.
AN ARGUMENT AND A VALID ARGUMENT
An argument consists of a set of statements called premises and another statement
called the conclusion. An argument is valid if the conclusion is true whenever all the premises
are assumed to be true. An argument is invalid if it is not a valid argument.
Example 4.1
1. If Aristotle was human, then Aristotle was mortal. Aristotle was human. Therefore, Aristotle
was mortal.
Solution: (Note that it is customary to place a horizontal line between the premises and
conclusion.)
First Premise:
Second Premise:
Conclusion:
Arguments can be written in symbolic form. For instance, if we let h represent the
statement "Aristotle was human" and m represents the statement "Aristotle was mortal", then
the argument can be expressed as:
h-m
h
:.m
If Aristotle was human, then Aristotle was mortal.
Aristotle was human.
Therefore, Aristotle was mortal.
Note: The three dots are symbol for "therefore."
2. The fish is fresh or I will not order it. The fish is fresh. Therefore, I will order it.
Solution: If we let f represents "The fish is fresh" and o represents the statement "I will order it",
the symbolic form of the argument is:
fv-o
f
:.0
Transcribed Image Text:AN ARGUMENT AND A VALID ARGUMENT An argument consists of a set of statements called premises and another statement called the conclusion. An argument is valid if the conclusion is true whenever all the premises are assumed to be true. An argument is invalid if it is not a valid argument. Example 4.1 1. If Aristotle was human, then Aristotle was mortal. Aristotle was human. Therefore, Aristotle was mortal. Solution: (Note that it is customary to place a horizontal line between the premises and conclusion.) First Premise: Second Premise: Conclusion: Arguments can be written in symbolic form. For instance, if we let h represent the statement "Aristotle was human" and m represents the statement "Aristotle was mortal", then the argument can be expressed as: h-m h :.m If Aristotle was human, then Aristotle was mortal. Aristotle was human. Therefore, Aristotle was mortal. Note: The three dots are symbol for "therefore." 2. The fish is fresh or I will not order it. The fish is fresh. Therefore, I will order it. Solution: If we let f represents "The fish is fresh" and o represents the statement "I will order it", the symbolic form of the argument is: fv-o f :.0
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