Lab #4: Telescope Optics (continued) Page 2 of 6 Telescopes that collect light use lenses or mirrors to modify the paths of light rays. Light rays. entering a transparent substance such as glass or plastic will bend in accordance with the law of refraction. Light rays falling upon a reflective substance such as polished aluminum will bounce in accordance with the law of reflection. In the procedures that follow, arrange the components in the Ray Optics Demonstration Set as shown, measure the angles of refraction and reflection, and make a graph illustrating the behavior of light rays in each case. The Law of Refraction Center the protractor sheet on the white magnetic board as shown. Note the orientation of the zero degree index. Position the Laser Ray Box (LRB) so that only one ray enters the plastic half round lens as shown. For the angles of incidence in the table on page four, record the angles of refraction. Then plot the points on the graph using unfilled circles. LRB The Law of Reflection Center the protractor sheet on the white magnetic board as shown. Position the Laser Ray Box so that only one ray falls upon the flat mirror as shown. For the angles of LRB incidence in the table on page four, record the angles of reflection. Then plot the points on the graph using filled circles. 2. 4 2 OF OF S ANGLE OF INCIDENCE 60 70 70 60 ANGLE OF INCIDENCE 40 50 ++ ++++ MIRROR SIDE COLLECT In no more than a few sentences, compare what happens to the light ray as the angle of incidence is increased in each case.
Ray Optics
Optics is the study of light in the field of physics. It refers to the study and properties of light. Optical phenomena can be classified into three categories: ray optics, wave optics, and quantum optics. Geometrical optics, also known as ray optics, is an optics model that explains light propagation using rays. In an optical device, a ray is a direction along which light energy is transmitted from one point to another. Geometric optics assumes that waves (rays) move in straight lines before they reach a surface. When a ray collides with a surface, it can bounce back (reflect) or bend (refract), but it continues in a straight line. The laws of reflection and refraction are the fundamental laws of geometrical optics. Light is an electromagnetic wave with a wavelength that falls within the visible spectrum.
Converging Lens
Converging lens, also known as a convex lens, is thinner at the upper and lower edges and thicker at the center. The edges are curved outwards. This lens can converge a beam of parallel rays of light that is coming from outside and focus it on a point on the other side of the lens.
Plano-Convex Lens
To understand the topic well we will first break down the name of the topic, ‘Plano Convex lens’ into three separate words and look at them individually.
Lateral Magnification
In very simple terms, the same object can be viewed in enlarged versions of itself, which we call magnification. To rephrase, magnification is the ability to enlarge the image of an object without physically altering its dimensions and structure. This process is mainly done to get an even more detailed view of the object by scaling up the image. A lot of daily life examples for this can be the use of magnifying glasses, projectors, and microscopes in laboratories. This plays a vital role in the fields of research and development and to some extent even our daily lives; our daily activity of magnifying images and texts on our mobile screen for a better look is nothing other than magnification.
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