Knowing this, the change in enthalpy (AH) for a reaction- the amount of heat energy absorbed or released- can be estimated using the following equation and the BDE's of various chemical bonds: Bond H-H ● H-C H-O H-F H-CI H-Br Br-Br AH (BDE's of bonds breaking) - (BDE's of bonds being formed) ≈ BDE (kJ/mol) 432 411 459 565 428 362 190 Literature Combustion Data: ● Methane Data Page ● Ethane Data Page Propane Data Page Ethanol Data Page Bond C-C C=C CEC C-0 C=O H-1 H BDE (kJ/mol) 346 602 835 358 799 295 148 Bond N-N N=N NEN 0-0 O=O F-F CI-CI BDE (kJ/mol) 167 418 942 142 494 155 240 For this demonstration to the CEO, we're going to calculate the change in enthalpy, AH, for the combustion of 4 compounds: methane (CH4), ethane (C₂H6), propane (C3H8), and ethanol (C₂HOH)

Knowing this, the change in enthalpy (AH) for a reaction- the amount of heat energy absorbed or released- can be estimated using the following equation and the BDE's of various chemical bonds: Bond H-H ● H-C H-O H-F H-CI H-Br Br-Br AH (BDE's of bonds breaking) - (BDE's of bonds being formed) ≈ BDE (kJ/mol) 432 411 459 565 428 362 190 Literature Combustion Data: ● Methane Data Page ● Ethane Data Page Propane Data Page Ethanol Data Page Bond C-C C=C CEC C-0 C=O H-1 H BDE (kJ/mol) 346 602 835 358 799 295 148 Bond N-N N=N NEN 0-0 O=O F-F CI-CI BDE (kJ/mol) 167 418 942 142 494 155 240 For this demonstration to the CEO, we're going to calculate the change in enthalpy, AH, for the combustion of 4 compounds: methane (CH4), ethane (C₂H6), propane (C3H8), and ethanol (C₂HOH)

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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Concept explainers

Thermochemistry

Thermochemistry can be considered as a branch of thermodynamics that deals with the connections between warmth, work, and various types of energy, formed because of different synthetic and actual cycles. Thermochemistry describes the energy changes that occur as a result of reactions or chemical changes in a substance.

Exergonic Reaction

The term exergonic is derived from the Greek word in which ‘ergon’ means work and exergonic means ‘work outside’. Exergonic reactions releases work energy. Exergonic reactions are different from exothermic reactions, the one that releases only heat energy during the course of the reaction. So, exothermic reaction is one type of exergonic reaction. Exergonic reaction releases work energy in different forms like heat, light or sound. For example, a glow stick releases light making that an exergonic reaction and not an exothermic reaction since no heat is released. Even endothermic reactions at very high temperature are exergonic.

Question

Do ethanol

(C2H5OH)

C and D

Knowing this, the change in enthalpy (AH) for a reaction- the amount of heat energy absorbed
or released- can be estimated using the following equation and the BDE's of various chemical
bonds:
Bond
H-H
H-C
H-O
H-F
H-CI
H-Br
Br-Br
AH (BDE's of bonds breaking) - (BDE's of bonds being formed)
BDE (kJ/mol)
432
411
459
565
428
362
190
Literature Combustion Data:
Methane Data Page
● Ethane Data Page
Propane Data Page
Ethanol Data Page
Bond
C-C
C=C
CEC
C-O
C=O
H-1
|-
BDE (kJ/mol)
346
602
835
358
799
295
148
Bond
N-N
N=N
NEN
O-O
0=0
F-F
CI-CI
BDE (kJ/mol)
167
418
942
142
494
155
240
For this demonstration to the CEO, we're going to calculate the change in enthalpy, AH, for the
combustion of 4 compounds: methane (CH4), ethane (C₂H6), propane (C3H8), and ethanol
(C₂H5OH).

1)
For each compound, complete the following steps:
a) Write a complete, balanced combustion equation using Lewis structures for all
species. An example for methane is shown below.
b) Make a list of all the bonds that are broken and formed during the reaction (see
also example below).
c) Calculate AH in kJ/mol using the equation above.
d) Calculate the AH in kJ/g.
Ex. Balanced Combustion Equation for Methane (CH4)
H
H-C-H + 20=0
H
Bond Broken (energy absorbed)
4 C-H bonds
2 0=0 bonds
0=c=0 +
2 H-O-H
Bonds Formed (energy released)
2 C=0 bonds
4 O-H bonds

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