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Jse the MO diagram (below) to calculate th bond order for CS. Op Op

Jse the MO diagram (below) to calculate th bond order for CS. Op Op

Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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**Instructions on Calculating Bond Order Using a Molecular Orbital (MO) Diagram** This section outlines the process for calculating the bond order of carbon monosulfide (CS) using the provided MO diagram. ### MO Diagram Details The following steps describe the MO diagram symbols and their significance: - **σ and π Bonds**: The MO diagram includes both sigma (σ) and pi (π) bonds. - **Energy Levels**: Represented as horizontal lines, organizing molecular orbitals by their energy level. ### Specific Molecular Orbitals 1. **σ (sigma) Orbitals**: Often indicated with a single line. These orbitals are typically associated with a strong, direct overlap of atomic orbitals. 2. **π (pi) Orbitals**: Denoted by lines at the same level, showing a side-by-side overlap of atomic orbitals. The diagram shows a pair of π and π* orbitals. ### Orbitals Breakdown - **σ**: Lowest energy, filled first. - **π**: Degenerate orbitals, filled equally. - **π***: Antibonding orbitals, typically higher energy. - **σ***: Higher energy, shows antibonding characteristics. ### Calculating Bond Order Bond order is calculated using the formula: \[ \text{Bond Order} = \frac{(\text{Number of electrons in bonding MOs} - \text{Number of electrons in antibonding MOs})}{2} \] 1. **Count the Electrons**: Identify and count bonding and antibonding electrons presented in the diagram. 2. **Subtract and Divide**: Use the formula to determine the CS bond order. This simple methodology can be adapted for other molecules by adjusting the electron count as per their specific MO diagrams.
Transcribed Image Text:**Instructions on Calculating Bond Order Using a Molecular Orbital (MO) Diagram** This section outlines the process for calculating the bond order of carbon monosulfide (CS) using the provided MO diagram. ### MO Diagram Details The following steps describe the MO diagram symbols and their significance: - **σ and π Bonds**: The MO diagram includes both sigma (σ) and pi (π) bonds. - **Energy Levels**: Represented as horizontal lines, organizing molecular orbitals by their energy level. ### Specific Molecular Orbitals 1. **σ (sigma) Orbitals**: Often indicated with a single line. These orbitals are typically associated with a strong, direct overlap of atomic orbitals. 2. **π (pi) Orbitals**: Denoted by lines at the same level, showing a side-by-side overlap of atomic orbitals. The diagram shows a pair of π and π* orbitals. ### Orbitals Breakdown - **σ**: Lowest energy, filled first. - **π**: Degenerate orbitals, filled equally. - **π***: Antibonding orbitals, typically higher energy. - **σ***: Higher energy, shows antibonding characteristics. ### Calculating Bond Order Bond order is calculated using the formula: \[ \text{Bond Order} = \frac{(\text{Number of electrons in bonding MOs} - \text{Number of electrons in antibonding MOs})}{2} \] 1. **Count the Electrons**: Identify and count bonding and antibonding electrons presented in the diagram. 2. **Subtract and Divide**: Use the formula to determine the CS bond order. This simple methodology can be adapted for other molecules by adjusting the electron count as per their specific MO diagrams.
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