John Richardson is the manufacturing production supervisor for Benson Tool Works, a company that manufactures hand tools for mechanics. Trying to explain why he did not get the year-end bonus that he had expected, he told his wife, "This is the dumbest place I've ever worked. Last year the company set up this budget assuming it would sell 150,600 units. Well, it sold only 140,600. The company lost money and gave me a bonus for not using as much materials and labor as was called for in the budget. This year, the company has the same 150,600 units goal and it sells 160,600. The company's making all kinds of money. You'd think I'd get this big fat bonus. Instead, management tells me I used more materials and labor than was budgeted. They said the company would have made a lot more money if I'd stayed within my budget. I guess I gotta wait for another bad year before I get a bonus. Like I said, this is the dumbest place I've ever worked." Benson's master budget and the actual results for the most recent year of operating activity follow. Number of units. Sales revenue Variable manufacturing costs Materials Labor Overhea Variable selling, general and administrative costs Contribution margin Fixed costs Manufacturing overhead Selling, general and administrative costs Net income Master Budget 150,600 $33, 132,000 Actual Results 160,600 $35,653,200 (4,819,200) (5,020,000) (4,216,800) (4,417,000) (2,108,400) (2,299,000) (5,271,000) (5,770,000) 16,716,600 18,147,200 (7,861,320)) (6,997,000) $ 1,858,280 Variances For U 10,000 $2,521,200 F 500,800 U 200,200 190,600 U U 199,000 1,430,600 U F (7,780,000) (7,041,000) $ 3,326,200 $1,467,920 F 81,320 44,000 F U Required c. Prepare a flexible budget and recompute the budget variances. (Indicate the effect of each variance by selecting "F" for favorable, "U" for unfavorable, and "None" for no effect (i.e., zero variance).)
Master Budget
A master budget can be defined as an estimation of the revenue earned or expenses incurred over a specified period of time in the future and it is generally prepared on a periodic basis which can be either monthly, quarterly, half-yearly, or annually. It helps a business, an organization, or even an individual to manage the money effectively. A budget also helps in monitoring the performance of the people in the organization and helps in better decision-making.
Sales Budget and Selling
A budget is a financial plan designed by an undertaking for a definite period in future which acts as a major contributor towards enhancing the financial success of the business undertaking. The budget generally takes into account both current and future income and expenses.
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