John, in his spaceship, observes as Sally, in her spaceship, passes him at a speed of v=0.8c. John who was born and raised on his spaceship, is 20 years old. According to Sally, how old is he? How many birthday parties should he have had and how many presents should Sally have sent him?
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John, in his spaceship, observes as Sally, in her spaceship, passes him at a speed of v=0.8c. John who was born and raised on his spaceship, is 20 years old. According to Sally, how old is he? How many birthday parties should he have had and how many presents should Sally have sent him?

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- Twins who are 19.0 years of age leave the earth and travel to a distant planet 12.0 light-years away. Assume that the planet and earth are at rest with respect to each other. The twins depart at the same time on different spaceships. One twin travels at a speed of 0.905c, and the other twin travels at 0.407c. (a) According to the theory of special relativity, what is the difference between their ages when they meet again at the earliest possible time? A₂-A₁ = (b) Which twin is older?In the earth’s rest frame, two protons are moving away from each other at equal speed. In the frame of each proton, the other proton has a speed of 0.700c. What does an observer in the rest frame of the earth measure for the speed of each proton?A spaceship moves past Earth with a speed of 0.808c. As it is passing, a person on Earth measures the spaceship's length to be 68.7 m. (a) Determine the spaceship's proper length (in m). m (b) Determine the time (in s) required for the spaceship to pass a point on Earth as measured by a person on Earth. s (c) Determine the time (in s) required for the spaceship to pass a point on Earth as measured by an astronaut onboard the spaceship.
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- 1. An astronaut travels to a distant star with a speed of 0.46c relative to Earth. From the astronaut's point of view, the star is 4.40 ly from Earth. On the return trip, the astronaut travels with a speed of 0.90c relative to Earth. What is the distance covered on the return trip, as measured by the astronaut? Give your answer in ly f60 ss 0 ssf60* f60 ss 0 ssf6 ssf60 ssf6QAs observed on earth, a certain type of bacteria is known to double in number every 24 hours. Two cultures of these bacteria are prepared, each consisting initially of one bacterium. One culture is left on earth and the other placed on a rocket that travels at a speed of 0.996c relative to the earth. At a time when the earthbound culture has grown to 64 bacteria, how many bacteria are in the culture on the rocket, according to an earth-based observer? Number i Units1. Consider inertial reference frame S to be the lab frame. A proton is moving in the positive x (+x) direction at a kinetic energy of 1250 MeV, as measured in frame S. Inertial reference frame S' moves at a speed of 0.55c in the positive-x (+x) direction relative to frame S. a) Find the speed of the proton in terms of the speed of light, c, as measured in frame S. b) Find the magnitude and direction of the speed of the proton as measured in frame S'.