J.T. Brooks and Company, a manufacturer of qual- ity handmade walnut bowls, has had a steady growth in sales for the past 5 years. However, increased competition has led Mr. Brooks, the president, to believe that an aggressive marketing campaign will be necessary next year to maintain the company's present growth. To prepare for next year's marketing cam- paign, the company's controller has prepared and presented Mr. Brooks with the following data for the current year, 2017: Variable cost (per bowl) Direct materials $ 3.00 Direct manufacturing labor Variable overhead (manufacturing, marketing, distribution, and customer service) 8.00 7.50 $ 18.50 Total variable cost per bowl Fixed costs $ 20,000 Manufacturing Marketing, distribution, and customer service Total fixed costs 194,500 $214,500 $ 35.00 $770,000 Selling price Expected sales, 22,000 units Income tax rate 40%
Cost-Volume-Profit Analysis
Cost Volume Profit (CVP) analysis is a cost accounting method that analyses the effect of fluctuating cost and volume on the operating profit. Also known as break-even analysis, CVP determines the break-even point for varying volumes of sales and cost structures. This information helps the managers make economic decisions on a short-term basis. CVP analysis is based on many assumptions. Sales price, variable costs, and fixed costs per unit are assumed to be constant. The analysis also assumes that all units produced are sold and costs get impacted due to changes in activities. All costs incurred by the company like administrative, manufacturing, and selling costs are identified as either fixed or variable.
Marginal Costing
Marginal cost is defined as the change in the total cost which takes place when one additional unit of a product is manufactured. The marginal cost is influenced only by the variations which generally occur in the variable costs because the fixed costs remain the same irrespective of the output produced. The concept of marginal cost is used for product pricing when the customers want the lowest possible price for a certain number of orders. There is no accounting entry for marginal cost and it is only used by the management for taking effective decisions.
Mr. Brooks has set the revenue target for 2018 at a level of $875,000 (or 25,000 bowls). He believes an additional marketing cost of $16,500 for advertising in 2018, with all other costs remaining constant, will be necessary to attain the revenue target. What is the net income for 2018 if the additional $16,500 is spent and the revenue target is met?
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